Suppressing agents

Polysomnographic sleep research has demonstrated that besides disturbances of sleep continuity in depression, sleep disturbance is also characterized by a reduction of slow-wave sleep and a disinhibition of REM sleep, with a shortening of REM latency, a prolongation of the first REM period, and increased REM density [62]. Most effective antidepressant agents suppress REM sleep, and depressive symptoms are at least transiently alleviated by manipulations of the sleep-wake cycle, such as sleep deprivation or a phase advance of the sleep period [63]. Thus, there appears to be a bidirectional relationship between sleep, sleep alterations and mood. 

Peptic ulcer Adjunctive therapy for peptic ulcer. These agents suppress gastric acid secretion. 

By competitively inhibiting the alpha-glucosidase enzymes in the mucosa cells of the small intestine these agents suppress the breakdown of di-, oligo-and polysaccharides into monosaccharides and thus decrease carbohydrate absorption. In this way postprandial elevations of blood glucose levels can be prevented or diminished. 

Analgesic. An agent that relieves pain without causing loss of consciousness. Anaphrodisiac Antiaphrodisiac an agent suppressing sexual desire. 

The antifertility agents suppress ovulation by the following methods ... 

Dextroamphetamine also acts as an anoretic agent, suppressing appetite. Formulas popular in the 1970s, such as Obetrol, were marketed as weight loss drugs. 

Emesis. BA receptor blocking agents suppress nausea and vomiting. Phenothiazines, such as chlorpromazine and prochlorperazine, are usually employed. Their action is probably mediated via blockade of BA receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the medulla oblongata. 

The p-adrenergic blocking agents suppress the activation of the heart by blocking [It receptors (see p. 73). They also reduce the work of the heart by decreasing cardiac output and causing a slight decrease in blood pressure. Propranolol (see p. 74) is the prototype of this class of compounds, but other (3-blockers, such as metoprolol and atenolol are... 

The most important point for analytical applications is to be able to remove these maxima. It has been known for a long time that small concentrations of surface active agents suppress these maxima. Examples of chemicals used in the early days of dc polarography are gelatine and methyl red. More recently the non-ionic detergent Triton X-100 (Rohm and Haas Co., Philadelpia, Penn) has become established as the material of choice. A concentration of <0.002% w/v is usually sufficient. This level of concentration should not be exceeded without checking for distortion of the polarographic waves produced. 

This crosslinking agent suppresses the acid-catalyzed self-polycondensation [61]. DiphenyU-odonium 9,10-dimethoxyanthracene-2-sulfonate is used as a photoacid generator. 

In recent years, aliphatic and aromatic esters of phosphoric acids — phosphites — have been recommended more and more often for the stabilization of poljrvinyl chloride and vinyl chloride copolymers. The patent [288] recommends aryl phosphites with long-chain allgrl substituents in the aromatic nuclei it is indicated that such phosphites are complex formers, and hence can be used as agents suppressing the harmful influence of polyvalent metals. The patent [289] recommends phosphites with different radicals in the ester groups ... 

So far Group B agents appear to specifically act on XDH, although studies of other enzymes may reveal additional effects. Group C contains representative steroid hormones which induce or suppress levels of XDH and in one case (hydrocortisone) induces an increase in tyrosine transaminase. Group D contains unsaturated fatty acids including oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. These agents suppress levels of XDH and PNP. 

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