Monitoring agents

For patients taking bulk-forming agents, monitor for relief of constipation. Hard stools should become softer within 72 hours. 

Bone marrow suppression ZDV Onset Few weeks to months Symptoms Fatigue, risk of T bacterial infections due to neutropenia anemia, neutropenia 1. Advanced HIV 2. High dose ZDV 3. Preexisting anemia or neutropenia 4. Concomitant use of bone marrow suppressants Avoid in patients with high risk for bone marrow suppression avoid other suppressing agents monitor CBC with differential at least every 3 months Switch to another NRTI D/C concomitant bone marrow suppressant, if possible for anemia Identify and treat other causes consider erythropoietin treatment or blood transfusion, if indicated for neutropenia Identify and treat other causes consider filgrastim treatment, if indicated... 

Figure 4.2 shows the complete CBMS II system. The main unit is comprised of three modules, the Biosampler Module, the Sample Introduction Module (SIM), and the Mass Spectrometer Module. The Biosampler Module houses the virtual impactor air particle concentrator and is only needed for the biological agent monitoring mode. The Sample Introduction Module contains the multiport sampling valve with its three input connections ... 

Chloramphenicol Phenytoin, tolbutamide, ethanol Decreased metabolism of other agents Monitor phenytoin SDC, blood glucose... 

Sulfonamides Sulfonylureas, phenytoin, warfarin Decreased metabolism of other agent Monitor blood glucose, SDC, PT... 

Mini-Cam Miniature chemical agent monitor (Military). 

MONITORING Available monitoring equipment for agent GD is the Automatic Chemical Agent Detector Alarm (ACADA), bubblers (GC method), and Chemical Agent Monitor (CAM). 

A wide variety of commercial equipment is available for detection of hazardous chemicals, including a number of chemical warfare agents. For example, ion mobility spectroscopy is used to detect nerve, blister, and blood agents. The Chemical Agent Monitor is a portable, hand-held point detection instrument that uses ion mobility spectrometry to monitor nerve or blister agent vapors. However, minimum detection limits are approximately 100 times the acceptable exposure limit for nerve agents, and approximately 50 times the acceptable exposure limit for blister agents. 

Results Issues surrounding the safety of using miniature chemical agent monitors (MINICAMS) were addressed, and a modified method was developed for sampling a hydrogen-based atmosphere. This modification does not require the manufacture of any component and is readily implemented in the field. 

Reduce the dosage of esmolol as follows 30 minutes after the first dose of the alternative agent, reduce esmolol infusion rate by 50%. Following the second dose of the alternative agent, monitor patient s response and, if satisfactory control is maintained for the first hour, discontinue esmolol infusion. 

The National Institute of Justice has put together multivolume compendiums of instrumentation relevant to chemical and biological weapons detection. However, none of these books contains a critical review of the effectiveness of the technologies. One instrument included in the publication is a portable, handheld, ion mobility spectrometry chemical agent monitor with moderate to high selectivity, but only when used in open spaces, far from vapor sources such as smoke, cleaning compounds, and fumes. This would seem to make it useless in the battlefield. Another listed chemical agent monitor has a below 5% false positive rate. With one in 20 false positives, no one could reasonably act upon an alarm. 

Use only with at least 1 other effective antituberculous agent Monitoring Parameters... 

ECL monitoring levels can vary depending on the monitoring apphcation. The laboratory identifies each ECL monitoring level apphcation in the site-specific agent monitoring plan. 

In addition to a site-specific agent monitoring plan and related documentation, the Monitoring Concept Plan requires that the laboratory at each site develop a... 

Recommendation 2b. The Army should consider developing the capability of reviewing and analyzing agent monitoring data from several or all sites at the programmatic level. 

The GID-3 is a British-made IMS for battlefield detection of the most common chemical agents. The GID-2A is a similar device designed for fixed locations and unattended operation. It is very portable and rugged. In the United States, it is known as the XM22 ACADA (Figure 4). The related chemical agent monitor (CAM) handheld unit operates on... 

The Miniature automatic Continuous Agent Monitoring System (MiniCAMS ) utilizes an automated near-real-time gas chromatograph. An air sample is drawn through a preconcentrator loop filled with an... 

The current state of the art in terms of equipment and support measures had a significant effect on facility design. Of major importance was the availability of agent monitoring and detection devices, protective unitorms for personnel, and acceptable exhaust air filters, together with the capability to handle different types of decon solutions. 

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