Aesthetic appeal

Packaging. Because of the extremely broad demands on the mechanical properties of packaging materials, the entire range of ceUular polymers from rigid to flexible is used in this appHcation. The most important considerations are mechanical properties, cost, ease of appHcation or fabrication, moisture susceptibUity, thermal conductivity, and aesthetic appeal. 

The architect continues to look for products that can he multifunctional. As an example in roofing, the product could perform a part or all of the functions. The roof has to provide structural integrity, temperature and sound insulation, vapor and moisture control, weather resistance, elastic qualities for change in weather, fire protection, aesthetic appeal, and so on. 

These coatings provide the most effective fire-resistant system available but originally were deficient in paint color properties. Since, historically, the intumescence producing chemicals were quite water-soluble, coatings based thereon did not meet the shipping can stability, ease of application, environmental resistance, or aesthetic appeal required of a good protective coating. 

Learning chemistiy for its aesthetic appeal for example, being able to appreciate the beauty of natural ciystals ... 

In 1982, Leo A. Paquette s group (Ohio State University) announced the successful synthesis of the complex, symmetric, and aesthetically appealing ... 

Straightforward analytical models, however, receive particular attention in the present book, as they are of unique significance in the comprehension of physical phenomena and, moreover, provide the very language to describe them. To exemplify, recall the effect caused on the phase transition theory by the exactly soluble two-dimensional Ising model. Nor can one overestimate the role of the quasiparticle concept in the theory of electronic and vibrational excitations in crystals. As new experimental evidence becomes available, a simplistic physical picture gets complicated until a novel organizing concept is created which covers the facts known from the unified standpoint (thus underlying the aesthetic appeal of science). 

Lavoisier s dictum that physics should precede chemistry became a logicohistorical interpretation, as he meant it to be, instead of a statement of pedagogical or disciplinary strategy. Paradoxically, the contemporary prestige of physics is associated with this logicohistorical tradition and with the classical and aesthetic appeal of abstract mathematics, rather than with the precision laboratory tradition on which much of modern physics, like chemistry, is based. The founder myth of Lavoisier has been perpetuated in the hagiography of the disciplinary clan of chemistry because of his role not only in the conceptual and linguistic foundations of nineteenth-century chemistry but also in a community of practitioners who refined the social definition of the chemical discipline its formal distinction from "physique" in the Paris Academy, its autonomous status as the subject of the Annales de Chimie, its Janus-faced position astride the abyss that previously divided the philosophical science of the university from the technical practice of the laboratory. 

We constantly value what we perceive as beautiful, ugly, repulsive, frightening, sinister, cute, and the like. Much of this appreciation is indeed acquired, templates being fixated in imprint-like fashion. There are however strong indications that many templates come preformed in our innate outfit. Such is the case with some of those concerning the aesthetic appeal of human facial and other bodily characteristics. Others concern environmental features. Thus human beings exhibit an aesthetic preference for plants (Phyto-philia) which reflect an archetypical imprint on features of the environment. 

This communicative function, to be sure, is not the sole function of art. Aesthetic creation is one of the prime characteristics of man which finds its expressions in nearly every aspect of our daily life. Amongst others we create for ourselves artificial environments with aesthetic appeal. Presently, man experiments in an endeavour to create an urban environment in accordance with aesthetic needs. 

At this point, the author would not like to dishearten the readers who are interested in the mechanistic aspect of this book. For them, such a truism can be offered—a chemist s heart is devoted to mechanisms, but public demands for the chemist originated due to the need for new substances and reactions. Necessity is the mother of inventions Therefore, the chapter puts forth the general ideology of pursuits in the area of ion-radical organic chemistry and examines the methodologies that have evolved in the search for solutions to synthetic problems. This chapter details achievements of ion-radical organic syntheses, not only for their scientific and practical merits, but also for the aesthetic appeal of the examples chosen and the effective solutions that have emerged. 

There are two primary reasons why a fluorescent chemosensor with visible emission would be desirable, in addition to its inherent aesthetic appeal. First, it simplifies qualitative experimental measurement the human eye is sensitive enough to detect extremely small changes in intensity (the limit of visual detection by a dark-adjusted eye has been... 

A review is presented of recent developments in sports shoes today s trainers, which come in all colonrs and shapes, with mnltilayer, multicolonr soles for comfort and aesthetic appeal, replace the former black canvas plimsoll with rnbber sole. Shoes are now designed specifically with each sport in mind, although they have essentially the same basic design with variations in the composition of the sole. 

Compared to small two-dimensional molecules, for example the planar benzene, the structures of these three-dimensional systems are aesthetically appealing. The beauty and the unprecedented spherical architecture of these molecular cages immediately attracted the attention of many scientists. Indeed, Buckminsterfullerene CgQ rapidly became one of the most intensively investigated molecules. For synthetic chemists the challenge arose to synthesize exohedrally modified derivatives, in which the properties of fullerenes can be combined with those of other classes of materials. The following initial questions concerned the derivatiza-tion of fullerenes What kind of reactivity do the fullerenes have Do they behave like a three-dimensional superbenzene What are the structures of exohedral fullerene derivatives and how stable are they ... 

The synthesis of [4.4.4.4]fenestrane or windowpane has become an active area of research due to the aesthetic appeal of the hydrocarbon and the nature of its central quaternary carbon atom which is expected to be distorted from normal tetrahedral geometry . Ongoing investigations have generated a number of ring-expanded triquinane and tetraquinane ([5.5.5.5]fenestrane) homologs. These molecules form the subject matter of the discussion which follows. 

What is most amazing of all in this picture is the degree of microscopic order present in a solution that appears quite unexceptional to the imaided eye. Usually, we associate T>eauty and aesthetic appeal with symmetry and regular shapes, just as in the examples of the ordered lamellar phase and lamellar focal conics. However, sometimes also asymmetric shapes have that special quaUty about them that conveys what we call beauty. Figure 4 shows a water-rich foam composed of dish soap with coconut oil. It consists of tightly-packed bubbles of very different sizes that create an asymmetric pattern of astounding beauty [3]. 

The performance of polyelectrolyte materials is determined by several factors, including the extent to which the dental material adheres to the tooth, cario-static properties of the restoration, pulpal and tissue sensitivity in the vidnity of the restorative material, long-term stability of the dental material, and perhaps most importantly, the aesthetic appeal of the restorative material. Poor adhesion leads to the formation of gaps, which become sites for infection. Biodegradation of the cement can cause increased pulpal and oral-tissue sensitivity, as well as systemic responses. Several recent reviews on the performance of GICs [121,173,230-232] are available, so the subject is only briefly discussed here. 

Were it not for dispersion—the refractive index depends upon wavelength— the aesthetic appeal of rainbows would be greatly diminished. Indeed, the word rainbow used in everyday speech evokes images of a profusion of colors—the colors of the rainbow—rather than just an intensely bright arc in the sky. If we take m = 1.343 as the refractive index of violet light (X — 0.4 jam) and m = 1.331 as the refractive index of red light (X = 0.65 jam) (Irvine and Pollack, 1968), then the angular widths of the primary and secondary rainbows are about 1.7° and 3.1°, respectively. 

We often refer to the electromagnetic field and then go on to treat the electric and magnetic fields as separate entities, a slight inconsistency. However, we have shown that the field equations can be written in such a way that the electromagnetic field, the column vector with elements E and H, is treated as a single entity. Thus, (8.8) has an aesthetic appeal, which transcends its immediate usefulness to the problem at hand. 

It must be pointed out that the 1,2-alkyl shift may be subverted by other factors such as steric strain. Thus the cascade rearrangement of a tetraspiroketone on exposure to acid is most aesthetically appealing and synthetically useful for entry into [4.5]coro-nane [201],... 

Numerous examples of catenanes 1, rotaxanes 2, and trefoil knots 3 (Scheme 1) have been previously reported in the literature and are still attracting considerable attention (see Chapters 4 and 6-8) [1-5]. These aesthetically appealing molecules have in common that the topological bonds occurring in catenanes 1 and trefoil knots 2 and the mechanical bonds connecting the component parts of rotaxanes 3 are defined at a molecular scale without ambiguity [1, 2, 4]. 

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