Advanced Light Source

Tonner et al. have taken scanning XPS microscopies at the Advanced Light Source Synchrotron Radiation Center of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [2.6]. They investigated a polished and sputter-cleaned surface of mineral ilmenite with the nominal composition FeTi03, and used the Fe 3p and Ti 3p lines for imaging. Using synchrotron radiation they demonstrated spatial resolution of approximately 0.25 p,m. 

P. Wobrauschek, C. Streli Advanced Light Sources, ADLIS.TV Wien 1999 pp. 284-300. 

Which Object is Closest in Length to a Micrometer The Advanced Light Source A Tool for Solving the Mysteries of Materials. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, http //www.lbl.gov/MicroWorlds/ALSTool/micrometer.html... 

A number of synchrotrons (including the National Synchrotron Light Source, New York, the Advanced Light Source, Berkley, and soon the Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon) operate mail-in crystallography services where a scientist can mail in crystals (prefrozen and mounted on loops) and data will be collected, processed (sometimes), and returned. This is becoming a method of choice, as it eliminates the need to travel to a synchrotron and speeds up the data collection procedure at the synchrotron also. 

ALS Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories (www.als.lbl.gov)... 

Abstract The complex tetra(imidazole)chlorocopper(II) chloride, [Cu(imidazole)4Cl]Cl, has been synthesized, and the structure has heen determined at the Small Crystal X-ray Crystallography Beamline (11.3.1) of the Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), USA. Structural parameters of the parent complex are compared to similar materials previously reported in the literature. The particles in the present study can be used to prepare nanoparticle materials, or, by controlled growth, can be formed as nanoparticles initially. The structural data are important for making detailed calculations, models, and deriving reaction mechanisms involving metal ion-based biochemical systems. 

Figure 1. Schematic of Beamline 11.3.1 at the Advanced Light Source usedfor structural determination of small crystals.

This work has been supported by the Austrian Science Fund within the framework of the Special Research Program FI 6 (Advanced Light Sources) and Project P18411-N19. The authors are grateful for technical support and computer time at the Linux PC cluster Schrodinger in of the computer center of the University of Vienna. 

Recently, experiments to measure the isotopic fractionation associated with the CO photodissociation have been performed at the Advanced Light Source (ALS, Chakraborty et al. 2008). Photodissociation of CO by UV synchrotron photons (1016 photons per second) at four different wavelengths (A = 107.61, 105.17, 97.62, 94.12nm) leads to C and O atoms, which subsequently recombine to form CO2. In the experiments, optical depths of relevant C160 lines were several orders of magnitude thicker compared to the optical depth of C180 and C170, which were optically thin. 

Thus, synchrotron radiation finds more and more use today, although its availability is restricted to the existing synchrotron sites. Some of the well-known sites are the ALS - Advanced Light Source at Berkeley Lab, APS -Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory, NSLS - National Synchrotron Light Source at Brookhaven National Laboratory, SRS -Synchrotron Radiation Source at Daresbury Laboratory, ESRF - European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble, and others. ... 

Because synchrotron light sources are expensive to build and operate, most are funded at the national level. In the U.S., five light sources are available to researchers the Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory [www.aps.anl.gov], the Advanced Light Source (AlS) Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory [www.als.lbl.gov], the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) Brookhaven National Laboratory [www.nsls.bnl.gov], Stanford Synchrotron Research Laboratory (SSRL), Stanford University [www.ssrl.slac.stanford.edu], and the Macromolecular Diffraction Facility Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source... 

Major centers and facilities provide key infrastructure and capabilities for conducting research and have provided the foundation for U.S. leadership. Key capabilities for chemistry research include advanced light sources, scanning probe instruments, supercomputers, very high field nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometers, advanced mass spectrometers, nuclear reactors and accelerators, and specialized facilities for chemical biology. 

FIGURE 12.12 X-ray characterization of the equilibrated MLCT excited states of Cu(dmp)2+ in toluene solution. A pulsed laser was utilized to create the excited state that was subsequently interrogated by a series of X-ray pulses from the advanced light source at Argonne National Laboratory. The results showed that the emissive excited state had five nearest neighbors. (See the color version of this figure in Color Plates section.)... 

---