Adip solutions viscosity

Various combinations of basic beryllium acetate, propionate, and benzoate were reacted with the acid chlorides of adipic, sebacic, /8-ethyladipic, tere-phthalic, and isophthalic acids. Solution viscosities of the products (in toluene) were very low. Elemental analytical data tended to confirm this fact by showing the presence of inordinate amounts of end groups. 

PA-4,6 salt is prepared from adipic acid and 1,4-tetramethylenediamine as described for the PA-6,6 salt (Example la). PA-4,6 salt (20 g), 2 mL water, and 0.2 mL 1,4-tetramethylenediamine (2.1 mol % excess) are added to a 100-mL glass container in an autoclave. The autoclave is flushed with nitrogen, closed, and given a starting nitrogen pressure of 5 bar. The autoclave is heated over a period of 60 min to 180° C and maintained at that temperature for 100 min, when the pressure is increased to about 8 bar. The pressure is then gradually released, the reaction mass cooled, and the material removed from the autoclave. The prepolymer is crushed into small particles (0.1—0.2 mm) (see Example lb). This prepolymer has a relative viscosity (r]rd) of 1.3 as measured in 96% sulfuric acid (1% solution at 25° C). 

Miller et al. (73) determined the kinematic viscosity of soybean oil at temperatures of 170°C, 180°C, and 190°C, and obtained values of 3.151 cm /sec, 2.880 cm /sec, and 2.614 cm /sec, respectively. The viscosities of soybean oil-hex-ane (Skellysolve B) mixmres at temperatures between —20°C and 40°C were investigated by Magne et al. (84). Ibemesi and Igwe (95) examined the reduced viscosity (viscosity/concentration) of solutions of soybean oil in toluene, xylene, cyclohexane, and tetrahydrofuran. They found an anomalous reduced viscosity increase at concentrations below about 0.12 g/mL that they attributed to clustering of the fat molecules in the solvent. Erhan et al. (96) determined the kinematic viscosity of blends of typical soybean oil with polyalphaolefins and isobutyrl oleate and high-oleic soybean oil with isotrideceyl adipate and mineral oil to achieve viscosities suitable for lubricants. 

Figure 2. Intrinsic viscosity [ri] as a Junction of the molar mass Mfor polyol containing polyesters and linear poly(octamethylene adipate) in THF solution at T=25 °C. (Reproducedfrom Macromolecules 2006, 39, 6789-6792. Copyright 2006 American Chemical Society.)...

A plastisol may be regarded as an organosol in which the continuous phase is almost entirely liquid plasticizer (small amounts of solvent are used for viscosity adjustment). PVC plastisols are made from PVC powder, adipate and phthalate ester plasticizers and minor amounts of epoxy-type resin in solution to aid pigment dispersion and to help (with other additives) to keep the polymer stable to heat and oxidation. The resultant coating is nearly solvent-free and so can be applied in thick films (100-250 m) and stoved without disruption by escaping solvent. The plasticizer penetrates the particles, aiding sintering as the metal substrate reaches c. 200°C in 30-60 s. 

Following the same idea, Minoura et al. [36] mention the melt and solution condensation of nylon salts prepared from r/-camphoric or adipic acid with hexamethylenediamine. The specific rotations for the copolyamides increased with increasing c -camphoryl unit content in the copolymers which obey the simple Drude equation the same polyamides have been obtained also by interfacial condensation. The specific rotation of polyhexa-methylene camphoramide increased markedly with increasing intrinsic viscosity over the range of 0.05 - 0.10 g df. ... 

Figures 2-68 through 2-71 give the viscosities of MEA DEA DGA MDEA, and DIPA (ADIP) as a function of temperature. Heat capacity data for the same amines are given in Figures 2-72 through 2-77. Figure 2-77 shows the effect of add gas loading on the specific heat of aqueous amine solutions. It is based on MEA data, but is believed to be tproximaie-ly valid for other amines.

---