Bonded joints adhesives

Munns, G.A. Georgiou, Non-destructive testing methods for adhesively bonded joint nspection - a review, INSIGHT, Vol 37, No 12, Dec 1995, pp 941-952... 

When the scanning of the adhesive bonded joint between the shells on the leading edge is complete, the rotor blade is rotated 180° and another special designed Y-module is applied for inspection of the trailing edge of the rotor blade in set-up 3, illustrated on figure 5. 

Design. Detailed adhesively bonded joint design and analysis methods are discussed elsewhere in this volume. General issues associated with bonded assembly design will be considered here. 

L. J. Hart-Smith, Design of Adhesively Bonded Joints, in Joining Fibre-Reinforced Plastics, F. L. Mathews (Editor), Elsevier Applied Science, London and New York, 1987, pp. 271-311. 

The two predominant mechanisms of failure in adhesively bonded joints are adhesive failure or cohesive failure. Adhesive failure is the interfacial failure between the adhesive and one of the adherends. It indicates a weak boundary layer, often caused by improper surface preparation or adhesive choice. Cohesive failure is the internal failure of either the adhesive or, rarely, one of the adherends. 

Thermosetting resin pipe can be joined with mechanical joints or adhesive-bonded Joints. Mechanical joints are generally a variation of gasketed bell-and-spigot joints and may be either nonrestrained or self-restrained. Adhesive-bonded joints are typically bell-and-spigot or butt-and-strap. Butt-and-strap joints join piping components with multiple layers of resin-saturated glass reinforcement. 

Dillard D A, Leichti K M, Lefebvre D R, Lin C, Thornton J S. Adhesively Bonded Joints, Testing, Analysis and Design, Baltimore, 1986, Proceedings p 83. 

The best approach to achieving good performance in bonded joints is to select the proper adhesive, design the joint properly for the specific application, and maintain rigid process control. One disadvantage in the use of adhesives is the absence of good non-destructive tests to determine the strength of adhesive-bonded joints in a wide variety of ord applications... 

The effect of alkoxide primers on crack propagation in the adhesively bonded joints is shown in Figs 1-5. The effect of alkoxide primer on crack propagation for PES-bonded steel primed at 34% RH and tested by immersion in DI water at 100°C for 200 h is illustrated in Fig. 1, plotted as crack length (in cm) vs. time (in h). The initial crack length for both the A1TSB and AITTB primed samples was... 

Atmospheric Exposure of Adhesive Bonded Joint and Structures, Recommended Practice for D 1828... 

Kinloch, A. J., Interfacial Fracture Mechanical Aspects of Adhesion Bonded Joints, Review Article, Journal of Adhesion, vol. 10, 1979, p. 193. 

Minford, J. D., in Permanence of Adhesive Bonded Joints, Durability of Structural Adhesives, A. J. Kinloch, ed., Applied Science Publishers, London, 1983, p. 135. 

Anderson, G. P., et al., Effect of Removing Eccentricity from Button Tensile Adhesive Tests, Adhesively Bonded Joints Testing, Analysis, and Design, ASTM STP 981, W. S. Johnson, ed., American Society of Testing and Materials, Conshohocken, PA, 1988. 

Pipe and Pipe Fittings, Adhesive Bonded Joint Type, for Aviation Jet Turbine Fuel Lines... 

Curley AJ, Hadavinia H, Kinloch AJ, Taylor AC, Predicting the service life of adhesively bonded joints, Int. J. Fracture, 103, 2000,41-69. 

Rate Dependent Fracture Behaviour of Adhesively Bonded Joints... 

Landrock, A.H., Effects of Varying Processing Parameters in the Fabrication of Adhesive Bonded Joints, Part XVIII, "Adhesive Bonding and Related Joining Methods for Structural Plastics—Literature Survey," Picatinny Arsenal Technical Report 4424 (November 1972). 

Bonding of metal materials In the case of bonding with hot-melt adhesives, metal materials require preheating to the melt temperature to develop sufficient adhesive bonded joints, due to the high thermal conductivity. 

ASTM Standard D 5266, Standard Practice for Estimating the Percentage of Wood Failure in Adhesive Bonded Joints, ASTM International. West Conshohocken, PA, June 1999. 

Tables 15.4 and 15.5 present the adhesion shear strength of epoxy (Epon 815C/Versamide 140)-bonded aluminum joints (anodized) and of PU (EN-4/EN-7)-bonded aluminum joints (anodized), respectively. Both types of adhesively bonded joints were primed with high MW HB PAMAM (AD-102). As is evident from the tables, significant improvements in shear strength were ob-...

Sterke. A. (1994), Inspection of adhesively bonded joints in glas.s-reinforced plastic pipe systems. Proc. of the Inspection Structural Composites Coni, paper no. 14. 

Munns. 1. J.. and Georgiou. G. A. (1995). Non-destructive testing methods for adhesively bonded joint in.spection--A review. Insight. Dec. 1995. 12. 941 9.S2. 

IPC aging tests on all surface materials that come in contact with adhesives. Bond-joint resistance is measured by depositing a strip of adhesive 1 in x 0.5 in (minimum) onto gold-plated stainless steel and then applying a second gold-plated stainless-steel strip to give a one-half inch overlap. ... 

Adhesively Bonded Joints Testing, Analysis, and Design, STP 981, edited by W.S. Johnson, 1988, 320 pp., ASTM International. 

Other environmental related tests include ASTM D-904, Standard Practice for Exposure of Adhesive Specimens to Artificial (Carbon-Arc Type) and Natural Light ASTM D-1828, Standard Practice for Atmospheric Exposure of Adhesive-Bonded Joints and Structures ASTM D-1879, Standard Practice for Exposure of Adhesive Specimens to High Energy Radiation and ASTM D-3310, Standard Test Methods for Determining Corrosivity of Adhesive Materials. 

The moisture content of both the wood and the adhesive affect the fracture behavior of adhesive bonded joints. Wood joints are especially sensitive to moisture effects as a result of the porosity and permeability of wood, which allows ready access by water to both the interior of the wood member and the adhesive layer. Irle and Bolton [57] showed that the superior durability of wood-based panels bonded with an alkaline PF adhesive compared to panels bonded with a UF adhesive was due to the ability of the phenolic adhesive to absorb and be plasticized by water. In the plasticized state, the phenolic adhesive is able to reduce stress concentrations that otherwise fracture the wood or the adhesive in urea-bonded panels. 

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