Acyltransferase activity

GIO. Gjone, E., Blomhoff, I. P., and Wienecke, I., Plasma lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity in acute hepatitis. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 6, 161-168 (1971). 

Cholesterol metabolism. Hydrogenated oil, administered orally to hamsters at a dose of 20% of diet for 4 weeks, induced hypercholesterolemia. Oil feeding had no effect on cholesterol synthesis but markedly inhibited cholesterol esterification in both the liver and the intestine. The diet-induced hypercholesterolemia was strongly correlated with an increase in acyl-CoA/cholesterol acyltransferase activity. The hypercholesterolemia increased aortic uptake of cholesterol and hence acyl-CoA/cholesterol acyltransferase activity " Coconut fat, administered orally to rabbits with partial ileal bypass, produced a significant increase of serum total cholesterol and phospholipids concentrations. The effect on semm lipids of the type of fat was similar in control and partial ileal bypass rabbits A Coconut—a main source of energy for two... 

Forstermann, U., Goppelt-Strube, M., Frolich, J. C., and Busse, R. (1986). Inhibitors of acylcoenzyme A Lysolecithin acyltransferase activate the production of endothelium-derived vascular relaxing factor. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 238, 352-359. 

The esterification of fatty acids in the mammary cell has been reported as a function of the microsomes and mitochondria (Bauman and Davis 1974 Moore and Christie 1978). While both microsomes and mitochondria may have acyltransferase activity, it has been observed to be 10 times greater in the microsomal fraction of the rat mammary cell (Tanioka et al. 1974). Based on autoradiographic studies, it appears that most synthesis of milk TG occurs in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of mouse mammary tissue (Stein and Stein 1971). 

Isochromophilones VII (190) and VIII (191) from a Penicillium sp. inhibit diacylglycerol acytransferase activity with IC5o values of 20.0 and 127 pM and acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase activity with IC50 values of 24.5 and 47.0, respectively. They also show moderate antimicrobial activity [153]. 

Gallo, L. L., Wadsworth, J. A., and Vahouny, G. V. (1987) Normal cholesterol absorption in rats deficient in intestinal acyl coenzyme Axholesterol acyltransferase activity. J. Lipid Res. 28, 381-387. 

Table 1 Correlation Between Macrolide Acyltransferase Activities and Presence of acyA and acyBl Homologs... 

Presence (+) or absence (—) of acyltransferase activity for 16-membered macrolide antibiotics. b Presence (+) or absence (—) of hybridizing band(s) in Southern blot analysis using acyA or acyBl as a probe. " Weakly hybridizing bands were detected. 

Frere. Acyltransferase activities of the high-molecular mass essential penicillinbinding proteins. Biochem J 279 610-614, 1991. 

H Tomoda, XH Huang, J Cao, H Nishida, R Nagoa, S Okuda, H Tanaka, S Omura. Inhibition of acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase activity by cyclodepsipeptide antibiotics. J Antibiot 45 1626-1632, 1992. 

Fig. 7 Biosynthesis of NATs and TRP channel activation by NATs. (a) Evidence for a fatty acyl CoA taurine A-acyltransferase activity was detected in mouse tissue by incubating taurine and arachidonoyl-CoA with various tissue lysates, (b) arachidonyl NAT was tested as an activator of the TRPV1 (black line), TRPV4 (gray line), and TRPM8 (dashed line) ion channels. Channel activation was measured using a Fura-2-based calcium-imaging assay, where the ratio between the fluorescence at 340 and 380 nm is reflective of cellular calcium concentrations...

The acyltransferase activity of LCAT is dependent on the presence of apoA-I (A10, A16, A25, C15, F14, K15, Yl) or, probably to a lesser extent, on the presence of apoC-I (A16, S46). Kostner (K17) reported that apoA-III (thought by some to be apoD) is a cofactor for the LCAT reaction, whereas Albers et al. were unable to demonstrate any effect of apoD (or apoC-II, apoC-III, or apoA-II) on the reaction (A16). 

E5. Ellerbe, P., and Rose, H. G., Dependence of human plasma lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity upon high density lipoprotein2. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 713, 670-674 (1982). 

Fll. Fielding, C. J., and Fielding, P. E., Regulation of human plasma lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity by lipoprotein acceptor cholesteryl ester content. J. Biol. Chem. 256, 2102-2104 (1981). 

T7. Thanabalasingham, S., Thompson, G. R., Trayner, T. I., Myant, N. B., and Soutar, A. K., Effect of lipoprotein concentration and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity on cholesterol esterification in human plasma after plasma exchange. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 10, 45-48 (1980). 

Shand, J.H., West, D.W. 1991. Acyl-CoA Cholesterol acyltransferase activity in the rat mammary gland Variation during pregnancy and lactation. Lipids. 26, 150-154. 

Wergedhl, H., Liaset, B., Gudbrandsen, O. A., Lied, E., Espe, M., Muna, Z., Mork, S., and Berge, R. K. 2004. Fish protein hydrolysate reduced plasma total cholesterol, increases the proportion of HDL cholesterol, and lowers acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase activity in liver of Zucker rats. J. Nutri., 134,1320-1327. 

Achromobacter fischeri, nitrite reductase, physical properties, 277-279 Active site, lipoamide dehydrogenase, 105 Acyl hydrazides, catalase and, 379 Acyltransferase activity, glyceraldehyde-... 

Mathur, S.N., Simon, L, Lokesh, B.R., Specter, AA. Phospholipid fatty acid modification of rat liver microsomes affects acylcoenzyme A cholesterol acyltransferase activity. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1983 751 401-411... 

Castro, G., Nihoul, L., Dengremont, C., Geitere, C., Delfly, B., Tailleux, A., Fievet, C., Duverger, N., Denefle, R, Fruchart, J.-C., and Rubin, E. (1997). Cholesterol efflux, lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity, and pre-p particle formation by serum from human apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein A-I/apolipoprotein A-II transgenic mice consistent with the latter being less effective for reverse cholesterol transport. Biochemistry 36, 2243-2249. 

Rumsey, S. C., Galeano, N., Lipschitz, B., and Deckelbaum, R. J. (1995). Oleate and other long-chain fatty acids stimulate low-density-lipoprotein receptor activity by enhancing acyl coenzyme A cholesterol acyltransferase activity and altering intracellular regulatory cholesterol pools in cultured cells. /. Biol. Chem. 270,10008-100016. 

In Vitro Studies. An assay for measuring taurine N-acyltransferase activity with C-phonylacetyl CoA as substrate has boon described (79). Enzyme activity was located In the matrix of the mitochondrion and was usually higher In kidney than liver for the nine fish species studied. Studies with Isolated renal tubules from the winter flounder and the southern flounder (84 and James and Pritchard, unpublished) have shown that added phenylacetlc acid and benzoic acid were extensively metabolized to their taurine conjugates during a 60 minute Incubation. 

Parks JS, Thuren TY, Schmitt JD. Inhibition of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity by synthetic phosphatidylcholine species containing eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic acid in the sn-2 position. J Lipid Res 1992 33 879-887. 

Polokoff MA, Bell RM. Limited palmitoyl-CoA penetration into microsomal vesicles as evidenced by a highly latent ethanol acyltransferase activity. J Biol Chem 1976 253 7173-7178. 

Purified preparations of LCAT show phospholipase Aj activity, cholesterol-esterifying activity, or PC lysoPC acyltransferase activity, depending on the reaction conditions. The first two activities are seen only in the presence of apohpoprotein AI (apo AI), apohpoprotein Cl (apo Cl), or apohpoprotein AIV (apo AIV) [58],... 

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