Active nitrogen detector

This effect of adding HC1 to the reaction cell has been used to advantage in distinguishing alkanes from alkenes and oxygenated hydrocarbons in a GC detector utilizing active nitrogen [56],... 

Gas chromatography is one of the most powerful analytical techniques available for chemical analysis. Commercially available chemiluminescence detectors for GC include the FPD, the SCD, the thermal energy analysis (TEA) detector, and nitrogen-selective detectors. Highly sensitive detectors based on chemiluminescent reactions with F2 and active nitrogen also have been developed. 

Each detection system has its own limitations. Compounds with no chromophor are not UV active, for instance, and may be quantified with ELS. A short analysis of the compound class is therefore needed to prepare and interpret the solubility experiments. Direct quantification of the sample without any external calibration is possible if a nitrogen detector is used. Throughput is higher and a standard injection is not necessary. 

At PicArsn (Ref 19), the fast neutron activation approach for detection of expls in suitcases was extended to the activation of both nitrogen and oxygen using two 7-ray detector stations in sequence. After 14 MeV neutron irradiation, the baggage is first monitored for 6.1 MeV 7-rays from the l60(n,p),6N reaction (7.5 sec half-life), followed by measurement of the 10 min 13N. Because expls are also rich in oxygen and have characteristic ratios of N/O, it was felt that this approach would increase the probability of detection with a corresponding decrease in the false alarm rate... 

Activities of the catalysts were measured on a microreactor. About 3 g of catalyst was charged into a reactor and heat-treated in nitrogen at reaction temperature. Acetic acid was added to the process and the reaction was initiated by switching nitrogen to ethylene. Reaction product analyses were performed by an online gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (Perkin Elmer Auto System II). 

The refrigerator itself is shielded with a 20 cm thick low activity lead and a 10 cm thick borated PET. Nitrogen is fluxed between the external lead shield and the cryostat to avoid any Rn contribution to the detector background. Measurements of residual radioactivity have been carried out on several Pb samples [103], For the roman lead, a contamination lower than 4 mBq/Kg (in 210Pb) is to be compared with 250 mBq/Kg of a modem lead (Johnson Mattey). 

The activity of calcined HTs was determined in self-condensation reaction of acetone (J.T. Baker) by using a fixed bed catalytic reactor with an on-line GC. Prior to the catalytic test, catalysts were pretreated in-situ under nitrogen atmosphere at 450°C for 5h. Acetone was supplied to the reactor by bubbling nitrogen gas through the acetone container at 0 °C. The reaction temperature was established at 200 C. The products were analyzed by means of GC (Varian CP-3800) using a WCOT Fused silica column, equipped with a FID detector. 

TD-IT, Thermal desorption-ion trap CAD MIKE, collisionally activated decomposition mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy MID, multiple ion detection FID, flame ionization detector NPD, nitrogen/phosphorus detector SIM, selected ion monitoring El, electron impact TMS, trimethylsilane MTBSTFA, N-methyl-N-(tetr.-butyldimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide. 

Catalytic activities for n-hexane cracking were performed using an isothermally operated flow reactor. The feed stream of nitrogen was saturated at 3°C with hexane. With the help of a bypass it was possible to determine both the reactor inlet and outlet concentration of hexane using a gas chromatograph (Varian Star 3400) with FID-detector. 

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