Activation times

Fig.7 Emission activity time trend (structural steel - loading 4000 MPa)...

Eig. 6. Surface area stabiUty of Pural SB. The activation time was 3 h. 

FIRE SIMULATOR predicts the effects of fire growth in a 1-room, 2-vent compartment with sprinkler and detector. It predicts temperature and smoke properties (Oj/CO/COj concentrations and optical densities), heat transfer through room walls and ceilings, sprinkler/heat and smoke detector activation time, heating history of sprinkler/heat detector links, smoke detector response, sprinkler activation, ceiling jet temperature and velocity history (at specified radius from the flre i, sprinkler suppression rate of fire, time to flashover, post-flashover burning rates and duration, doors and windows which open and close, forced ventilation, post-flashover ventilation-limited combustion, lower flammability limit, smoke emissivity, and generation rates of CO/CO, pro iri i post-flashover. 

The major conclusion was that if blowdown is in fact of primary importance, then the current manual system must be improved to enhance blowdown response time. The estimated average activation time of 20 minutes would have to be brought closer to a matter of a few minutes. The basic problem underlying the long response time was a lack of a clear statement of blowdown... 

The purge activation time (or the sample transfer time) depends on the sample solvent and carrier gas flow relative to the volume of the injection port liner and the boiling points of the sample components. For most applications, a purge activation time of 50-120 sec is better than 25-50 sec. Early activation results in the loss of sample, while late activation results in peak tailing. A more accurate method of determining purge activation time is to divide the volume of the injector liner by the flow rate (F) of the carrier gas and multiply this value by 1.5 or 2.0. (Do not use a packed liner.)... 

After the purge activation time (which can be optimized), the split mode is turned on and the solvent vapors are purged out of the split vent. If possible, choose a sample solvent that has a boiling point that is at least 20° below the boiling point of the first sample component (if known). 

Cellulose activation has been achieved by heating the polymer with dry LiCl, at 110 °C, under reduced pressure, 2 mm Hg, followed by addition of DMAc. It is important to introduce the solvent while the system is maintained under reduced pressure, in order to avoid hornification [56]. As expected, the activation conditions employed were found to be dependent on cellulose structure, samples with high DP and high Ic required pre-treatment, i.e., mer-cerization (cotton linters), and/or longer activation time. This solubilization... 

Figure 3a shows the spectra of CO adsorbed at room temperature on a typical Cr(II)/Si02 sample. At low equilibrium pressure (bold black curve), the spectrum shows two bands at 2180 and 2191 cm Upon increasing the CO pressure, the 2191 cm component grows up to saturation without frequency change. Conversely, the 2180 cm component evolves into an intense band at 2184 cm and a shoulder at 2179 cm The bands at 2191, 2184, and 2179 cm which are the only present at room temperature for pressures lower than 40 Torr, are commonly termed the room temperature triplet and are considered the finger print of the Cr(ll)/Si02 system (grey curve in Fig. 3). A new weak band at around 2100 cm appears at room temperature only at higher CO pressure. As this peak gains intensity at lower temperature, it will be discussed later. The relative intensity of the three components change as a function of the OH content (i.e., with the activation temperature and/or the activation time) [17].

When we used asymmetric nucleophilic addition of malonate to the Mo tt-allyl complex in our first delivery, the Mo chemistry was not so clearly understood, and our application would be the first large scale example, to the best of our knowledge. Initially our contributions to Mo chemistry were two-fold (i) replacement of non-commercially available (EtCN)3Mo(CO)3 or (C7H8)Mo(CO)3 by more stable and inexpensive Mo(CO)6 by incorporation of proper pre-activating time (ii) simplified preparation of the chiral ligand. Even after we completed the project, we still had a strong interest in Mo chemistry. 

Entries 1-3 were run in toluene and entries 4—6 were run in THF with three different Mo catalyst sources. The activation time was longer when Mo(CO)6 was used, but the results were dependent on the solvent not the catalyst source. Thus, it was confirmed that Mo(CO)s with the chiral ligand generated the same active catalyst as Trost reported. 

One element that is often ignored in this evaluation though is the extent of the mechanism. For example, if enzymatic activity is to be used to release drug at the site of action, even if the activity/time/volume is one hundred times higher at the desired site than elsewhere (not unreasonable), but the volume of nonspecific activity is one thousand times as great (also not unreasonable), the system does not stand any chance of achieving site-specific delivery. 

Code Activity Time Cost ( ) Time cost ( ) Slope... 

When the desired activation time is reached, the wire is removed from the core and counted. 

Electron-transfer activation. Time-resolved spectroscopy has established that the irradiation of the CT bands (/ivCT) of [ArMe, CA] complexes results in direct electron transfer to form the contact ion pair instantaneously,203 i.e.,... 

Electron-transfer activation. Time-resolved spectroscopy establishes that irradiation of the charge-transfer band (hvCj) of various arene/0s04 complexes directly leads to the contact ion pair. For example, 25-ps laser excitation of the [anthracene, 0s04] charge-transfer complex results in the ion-radical pair instantaneously, as shown in Fig. 14218 (equation 76). 

Electron-transfer activation. Time-resolved spectroscopy shows that the activation of the [ArH, PyNO ] complex by the specific irradiation of the CT absorption band results in the formation of transient aromatic cation radical... 

Equation (9) is quite generalized and allows for variations in the mixing rate, K, and in situ density, p, with depth in determining the activity-time relationship of radionuclide profiles. However, in all commonly used models, equation (9) is further simplified using assumptions such as K, p and S to be... 

However, motor speed was also the first function in washing machines to be electronically controlled. The standard nowadays are controllable AC- or DC-mo-tors. Depending on the textile type or wash program, such drives can be used to achieve optimal wash speeds, reversing rhythms and activation times. Usually a tachogenerator on the motor is used as a speed sensor. Such a smaller modem motor, connected to a small electronic control unit, is shown on the right hand side of Fig. 3.2. 

Until recently, the resistance of mosquitoes to pyrethroids has not been taken as a serious issue. In Japan, C. p. pallens and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) are the main species living around houses. Although mosquito coils have utilized natural pyrethrins as insecticidal ingredients for about 50 years and then allethrin for about 50 years, there has been no report on resistance development. The reason for this is considered to be the short active time of 4-5 months per year for C. p. pallens. Yasutomi et al. [50] reported in 1989 the presence of pyrethroid-resistant Culex tritaeniorhynchus in Okinawa, but Japanese encephalitis transmitted by C. tritaeniorhynchus decreased markedly after 1992 and disappeared. 

In linear quadmpoles the CID activation time is equal to the time the accelerated precursor ion (<100 eV) takes to pass through the collision cell. The primary fragments produced will continue to undergo collisions that cause them to fragment as well, and so on, thus producing richer and more complex fragment-ion spectra. 

Further let s consider the question, which parameters define the value a and, hence, the active time value f. As it is known [5], the relation a/p is connected with exponent p at / in the generalized transport equation as follows ... 

Figure 1. The dependence of conversion degree Q at t= 60 and 300 min on active time f for reesterification reaction without mica (1) and in presence NMM (2), SMM (3), AMM (4).

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