Activated strength

In summary, therefore, we can say that methanation catalysts for these applications are very satisfactory in terms of activity, strength, and stability. In the absence of detrimental malfunctions, one can expect favorable operating experience, and we have demonstrated a simple and convenient method by which the future useful life of an on-line catalyst can be estimated. 

Most polymers are available as dry powders, solution polymers (in which 10 to 50% active strength polymer is dissolved in water), and emulsion polymers. 

Mannich polymers Cationic, solution polymer flocculants with a MW of 5 to 8 M. Very high viscosity at only 4 to 8% active strength solution liquid. A hydrolyed polyacrylamide, it is very useful for general municipal waste water treatment. The dose rate normally is 200 to 300 ppm or more. 

Polyamine/DADMAC (polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride) Cationic coagulant. Also generally supplied as solution liquids in ranges from 40 to 70% active strength. Low MW, from 0.25 to 0.75M. Useful for reclaiming oily waste waters typically use at 150 to 300 ppm. 

Tannin blend concentrates primarily intended for oxygen-scavenging duty in steam boilers. They generally are offered as dark-brown to black, blended products of 25 to 50% active strength. Here, tannins provide an additional benefit of sludge conditioning at no extra cost. 

NOTE All chelant formulations should be manufactured using high-quality water because any residual hardness will be complexed and reduce the active strength of the chelant. 

A wide range of polyacrylic acids (PAAs), polymethacrylic acids (PMAAs), polyacrylamides (PAMs), their salts and homo-, co-, and terpolymer derivatives are available from a great many manufacturers around the world today. Polyacrylates especially are a backbone of BW chemical formulations and are manufactured with an almost infinite variety of average molecular weights (MWs), MW distributions, activity strengths, and other characteristics. 

As with neutralizing amine formulations, there is a wide range of filmer raw materials employed. These are available in a myriad of straight filmer or filmer-neutralizer blends, of varying active strengths. A few examples are shown here ... 

Most commercial carriers are used in the dyebath at concentrations within the range 1-8 g/1 depending on active strength of the carrier concentrate, applied depth, liquor ratio and... 

When the best catalyst has been chosen and found to fulfil the requirements with respect to activity, strength, pressure drop, production and profitability, a procedure must be developed for calculation of the catalyst volume required to obtain a given SO2 conversion in an industrial reactor. In its simplest form, the calculation basis can be a table or an expression for space velocity (NHSV) as a function of feed gas properties and final conversion. A more detailed approach is used for design of catalytic reactors at Haldor Topsoe, where a rate expression of the form... 

An extended (seven-sided) ternary complex model (Fig. 2B) was proposed by Samama et al. (1993) to accommodate mutant receptors that exhibited constitutive activity and to link receptor affinity with efficacy. This model includes the isomerization of the receptor between two conformational states, inactive (R) and active (R ), and only allows for the active R conformational state to interact with the G protein. Conceptually, the model allows for the receptor to toggle between on and off states where ligand or G protein manipulates the population size of these two conformational states, rather than affecting the activation strength of a particular conformational state. The different types of ligands influence... 

Emulsion Capacity. Enzymatic digestion of proteins beyond 10 min, except the trypsin-treated sample for 30 min, destroyed emulsifying capacity of the flour (Figure 13). Apparently, hydrolysis substantially altered protein surface activity strengths and the ability of the protein to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions. This assumption agrees with earlier work showing decreased emulsion capacity of peanut flour fermented with fungi (27). 

Attendant upon both of these differing objectives was the matter of meeting demands for a rapid expansion, for the activation of new organizations and units, and for the mass production and distribution of new weapons and materials. The CWS, like other elements of the Armed Forces, received resources of men and money undreamed of in the difficult years through which it had just passed. In 1940 the CWS had an active strength of 93 officers and 1,033 enlisted men in 1943 these figures were 8,103 and 61,688. Within the space of these three years the civilian rolls increased twentyfold. Appropriations for 1940 were just over two million dollars two years later they exceeded one... 

Poison resistance Ability to tolerate (absorb) trace impurities and maintain reasonable activity. Strength Physical ability to resist breakdown or excessive dust formation during han-... 

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