Acorn

Most nuts for commercial use are characteri2ed by high oil and protein contents (see Proteins) as well as a low percentage of carbohydrates (qv). However, some varieties, mostly inedible tree nuts such as acorn, horse chestnut, and chufa, contain at least as much sugar and/or starch as protein. The edible water chestnut is also in this category, as is the cashew nut, which contains starch in addition to a rich store of oil. The proximate composition of a number of nuts and of some nut products are given in Table 2 (3). 

In America, the Indians had fermented beverages made from maple symp, com, acorns, and other nuts. In the time of Columbus, they were drinking me2cal distilled from the fermented sap of maguey. 

W. R. Acorn. Code Compliance for Advanced Technology Facilities A Comprehensive Guide for Semiconductor and Other Hazardous Operations. Park Ridge, NJ Noyes Publications, 199.3. 

Personal computing had already begun in the 1980s with those tiny boxes called (for example) Commodore PETs, Apples, Apricots, Acorns, Dragons and so on. Most of my friends ignored the fact that PET was an acronym, and took one home in the belief that it would somehow change their life for the better and also become a family friend. Very few of them could have written a 1024 word essay describing the uses of a home computer. They probably still can t. 

Eckeisen, n. angle iron (Metal.) angular iron. Ecker, /. acorn beechnut, -doppe, /, acorn cup. 

Natural Occurrence of ( — )-proto-Quercitol. Although the dextrorotatory form (12) of proto-quercitol was discovered in acorns more than a century ago by Braconnot (5), who at first thought that it was lactose, the levorotatory form (13) remained unknown until 1961. In that year, Plouvier isolated it from leaves of the tree Eucalyptus populnea the yield was 0.55% (36). The optical rotation of the new compound was equal and opposite to that of the dextro enantiomer, and it was identical to the latter in its crystal form, melting point, solubilities, molecular formula and infrared spectrum. 

Dure and Cormier (1961) demonstrated a luciferin-luciferase reaction for the first time in the extracts of the acorn worm Balanoglossus biminiensis, and also discovered that the luminescence reaction is stimulated by H2O2, of which the details are described below. Recently, Kanakubo and Isobe (2005) reported the chemical structure of a probable luciferin of another acorn worm Ptychodera flava. 

Fig. 10.4.1 Light emission profile of the luminescence reaction of the acorn worm Balanoglossus biminiensi, when H2O2 is injected into a mixture of the luciferin and luciferase. From Dure and Cormier, 1961, with permission from the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

Fig. 10.4.3 Left panel Bioluminescence spectrum of the acorn worm Ptychodera flava stimulated with H2O2. Right panel (a) The spectrum of the chemiluminescence emitted when 70% dioxane containing 1.7% H2C>2 (5 ml) was added to a mixture of a solution of 2,3,5,6-tetrabromohydroquinone (TBHQ) in ethyl acetate (2.5 ml), 50 mM glycine buffer (pH 12.0 2.5 ml), and riboflavin (b) when riboflavin was omitted and (c) when TBHQ was omitted. Dioxane was included to solubilize the ethyl acetate solution containing TBHQ. From Kanakubo et al., 2005, with permission from Elsevier.

Kanakubo, A., and Isobe, M. (2005). Isolation of brominated quinones showing chemiluminescence activity from luminous acorn worm, Ptychodera flava. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 13 2741-2747. 

Kanakubo, A., Koga, K., Isobe, M., and Yoza, K. (2005). Tetrabromohy-droquinone and riboflavin are possibly responsible for green luminescence in the luminous acorn worm, Ptycbodera flava. Luminescence 20 397-400. 

Acantbephyra, 162, 336 Acantboscina, 336 Acholoe, 335 Achromobacter, 35, 36 Acorn worms (enteropneusts), 315 Acylhomoserine lactone, 43 Advice to students, 375 Aequorea, 159, 161, 162, 334, 375 Aequorea aequorea, 92-94, 346 collection, 93, 94 distribution, 92 squeezate, 94 synonyms, 92 Aequorea GFP, 150-154 chromophore, 153 cloning, 154 crystallization, 130 fluorescence quantum yield, 152 isolation, 129 molecular weight, 152 spectral properties, 130, 152 Aequorea victoria, 92 Aequorin, 92-129, 159, 160,172,173, 175, 346, 349, 350, 364, 375 assay, 98... 

A Hermetic treatise [on the counterfeiting of precious metals and of the counterfeiting of precious stones] edited by Jon Symon. Hamilton (ON) Acorn, 1979. 

Lopes IMG and Bernardo-Gil MG. 2005. Characterization of acorn oils extracted by hexane and by supercritical carbon dioxide. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 107 12—19. 

Foliage, 8 species Acorns and berries, 4 species Fungi, 4 species Moths, 6 species Beetle, Dendroides sp. 

Koenig, W.D., Stanback, M.T. and Haydock, J. (1999) Demographic consequences ofincest avoidance in the cooperatively breeding acorn woodpecker. Anim. Behav. 57, 1287-1293. 

---