Acid sulph

Numerous new salts and additive compounds of cinchona alkaloids, and especially of quinine, have been described, of which only a few can be mentioned as examples quinine additive compounds with sulph-anilamide, t quinine salts of (+) and (—)-pantothenic acid, °( > quinine sulphamate and disulphamate, °( organo-mercury compounds of quinine and cinchonine such as quinine-monomercuric chloride. Various salts and combinations of quinine have also been protected by patent, e.g., ascorbates and nicotinates. 

Toyo No. 50 Descending for 9 hrs 2% p-toluene sulph-onic acid in water saturated n-butanol 0.11- 0.20 0.23 )Separation )of neamine )from neo-)mycins B 204... 

Aspirin Salicylic Acid Dissolve 2.5 g in 25 ml alcohol (TS). To each of two matched cylinders add 48 ml of water and 1 ml of freshly prepared Ferric Ammonium Sulph. Reagent1. Into one cylinder pippete 1 ml of stand, salicylic acid soln. (0.01 % w/v in water) and into the other pipette 1 ml of TS. Mix the contents of the cylinder, after 30 secs, the colour of the second cylinder is not more intense than the first cylinder. NMT 0.1... 

Solvent effects Different solvents have different effects on the nucleophilicity of a species. Solvents with acidic protons are called protic solvents, usually O—H or N—H groups. Polar protic solvents, e.g. dimethyl sulph-oxide (DMSO), dimethyl formamide (DMF), acetonitrile (CH3CN) and acetone (CH3COCH3) are often used in 8 2 reactions, since the polar reactants (nucleophile and alkyl halide) generally dissolve well in them. 

Table 6. Electrical Conductivity cf the S5rsfcem Nitrobertaene-Sulph me Acid ...

Treatment Carbo veg 200, Sulphur 30, 200, Carbo veg 500, Natrum sulph 1000, Acid Nitric 1000. Treatment continued for 7 months and the patient was... 

Nitration of phenol. The process is effected in two stages. The first is the sulph-onation of the phenol, followed by acting with nitric acid on a solution of phenolsul-phonic acid in sulphuric acid. In the latter process the sulpho groups are replaced by nitro groups (p. 501). This indirect procedure has to be adopted because the direct action of nitric acid on phenol yields undesirable by-products, sometimes brightly coloured, which contaminate the principal product. 

CERIC SULPH.ATE CERIUM DISULFATE CERIUM SULFATE CERIUM(4+) SULFATE SULFURIC ACID, CERIUM SALT (2 1)... 

Cysteine, CH2(SH)—CH(NH2)—COOH, a-Amino -Sulph-hydro Propionic Acid This acid is the sulphur analogue of serine. 

This acid is a di-cysteine resulting from two molecules of cysteine by the loss of two hydrogen atoms from the sulph-hydro groups, (—SH). It is found in urinary calculi. 

Saccharin was discovered in 1879 by Remsen and Fahlberg. It is only slightly soluble in cold water, but is soluble in hot water, acetone, alcohol or ether. From acetone it crystallizes in beautiful crystals. It is a valuable medicinal substance as it can be used for its sweetening effect in food, by persons who have the disease known as diabetes and who are unable to use cane sugar, and only a minimum of any carbohydrate food. It does not possess any nutritive value, however. It is also used as a food preservative, but its use is restricted or prohibited by most pure food laws. It is interesting that only the or//fo-sulph-amine benzoic acid yields such a sulphinid anhydride. The para compound, on heating, yields other products. 

C.l. Pigment Red 57 1 C.l. Pigment Red 57, calcium salt (1 1) Calcium 3-hydroxy-4-((4-methyl-2-sulph-onatophenyl)azo)-2-naphthoate CCRIS 4903 Cl 15850 1 (Ca salt) D C Red No. 7 EINECS 226-109-5 3-Hydroxy-4-((4-methyl-2-sulfophenyl)azo)-2-naphtti-alenecarboxylic acid, calcium salt Hydroxy-4-( 2-sulfo-p-tolyl)azo)-2-naphthaleneoarboxylic acid, calcium salt (1 1) Lithol rubin B ca 2-NapMhalenecarboxylic acid, 3-hydroxy-4-((4-methyl-2-sulfophenyljazo)-, calcium salt. 

The most important salts of sulph-antimonic acid (H jSbS ) are —... 

Sulphation of castor oil with sulphuric acid or oleum yields an easily water-soluble or dispersible sulph(on)ated castor oil also called Turkey red oil, one of the first synthetic detergents, which has been used for textile dyeing, softeners and metal working. ... 

Just as for disubstituted nitrogen, H2O2 itself is electrophilic enough to oxidise many sulphides without a catalyst, the product being the sulph-oxide [207]. Addition of a stoichiometric amount of 35% w/w H2O2 to the sulphide in water, alcohol [208] or acetic acid [209] solution is the usual procedure. The reaction is acid-catalysed [210] and assisted by protic solvents. The rate of this electrophilic oxidation is increased by electron-donating substituents hence, reactivity can be ranked as follows ... 

The free oil guaranteed figures are achievable when the organic raw material sulph(on)atability is 99.0% (the sulphonatability would be established by analysis of the paraffin content in the free oil extracted from ie acid after the sulphonability test) and with a 99.5% yield of the sulphonable compound. 

Owing to the hazardous nature of the materials handled in a sulphonation plant it should be accommodated in its own building at least 20m from other buildings. It should not be in the centre of the factory but on the periphery, remote from residential and other areas where gas emissions could be considered unsafe or a nuisance. The site should have easy access by road for the receipt of raw materials and should be near the powders/liquids processing plants so that long transfer lines for sulph(on)ated products (acids or pastes) can be avoided. 

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