Acetone solubility

Cellulose acetate [9004-35-7] is the most important organic ester because of its broad appHcation in fibers and plastics it is prepared in multi-ton quantities with degrees of substitution (DS) ranging from that of hydrolyzed, water-soluble monoacetates to those of fully substituted triacetate (Table 1). Soluble cellulose acetate was first prepared in 1865 by heating cotton and acetic anhydride at 180°C (1). Using sulfuric acid as a catalyst permitted preparation at lower temperatures (2), and later, partial hydrolysis of the triacetate gave an acetone-soluble cellulose acetate (3). The solubiUty of partially hydrolyzed (secondary) cellulose acetate in less expensive and less toxic solvents such as acetone aided substantially in its subsequent commercial development. 

The common commercial products are the primary (triacetate) and the secondary (acetone-soluble, ca 39.5% acetyl, 2.45 DS) acetates they are odorless, tasteless, and nontoxic. Their properties depend on the combined acetic acid content (acetyl, see Table 1 and Figure 4) and molecular weight. Solubihty characteristics of cellulose acetates with various acetyl contents are given in Table 4. 

Typical values of acetone solubility as a function of temperature at a total pressure of 760 muiHg are shown in the following table ... 

The latex of the Sapota achras yields a thermoplastic material, chicle, consisting of about 17.4% hydrocarbon, 40% acetone soluble resin and 35% occluded water. The hydrocarbon appears to contain both trans- and c/s-polyisoprene. Although originally introduced as gutta pereha and natural rubber substitutes, deresinated chicle has become important as the base for chewing gum. Like other polyisoprenes, it is meeting competition from synthetic polymers. 

Also interesting is the solid-state interaction between the water-extract-able fraction and the acetone-soluble fraction. Heating of the irradiated ferrocene at 110° C causes a sharp decrease in the water-extractable activity (from 55 to 15% in 2-3 hours). This 40% does not appear as ferrocene and is assumed to form some stable molecular species other than ferrocene. 

The classic work of Storch and co-workers showed that essentially all coals below 89% C f can be converted in high yields to acetone soluble materials on extended reaction (12). We have investigated the behavior of coals of varying rank toward short contact time liquefaction. In one series of experiments, coals were admixed with about 5 volumes of a solvent of limited H-donor content (8.5% Tetralin) and heated to 425°C for either 3 or 90 minutes. The solvent also contained 18% p-cresol, 2% y-picolene, and 71.5% 2-methylnaphthalene and represented a synthetic SRC recycle solvent. The conversions of a variety of coals with this... 

Reaction of K3Co(CN) with PMMA. A 1.0 g sample of PMMA and 1.0g of the cobalt compound were combined in a standard vessel and pyrolyzed for 2 hrs at 375°C. The tube was removed from the oven and the contents of the tube were observed to be solid (PMMA is liquid at this temperature). The tube was reattached to the vacuum line via the break-seal and opened. Gases were determined by pressure-volume-temperature measurements on the vacuum line and identified by infrared spectroscopy. Recovered were 0.22g of methyl methacrylate and 0.11 g of CO and C02. The tube was then removed from the vacuum line and acetone was added. Filtration gave two fractions, 1.27g of acetone insoluble material and 0.30g of acetone soluble (some soluble material is always lost in the recovery process). The acetone insoluble fraction was then slurried with water, 0.11 g of material was insoluble in water. Infrared analysis of this insoluble material show both C-H and C-0 vibrations and are classified as char based upon infrared spectroscopy. Reactions were also performed at lower temperature, even at 260°C some char is evident in the insoluble fraction. 

Solubility /miscibility Miscible with water and acetone. Soluble in ether and... 

Nakagami, T. and Yokota, T. (1978a). Esterification of wood with unsaturated carboxylic acids IV Chemical composition and molecular weight of the acetone-soluble fraction of (I-methylcroto-nylated woods. Mokuzai Gakkaishi, 24(5), 311-317. 

Hydrogenation of acenaphthylene During the experiment, a great deal of polymerisation occurred and only the acetone-soluble part of the product was analysed. This contained 18 wt % acenaphthene, 62 wt % dimethylnaphthalenes and 20 wt % other material. An experiment carried out at 300°C also showed considerable polymerisation with a similar distribution of material in the acetone-soluble fraction in both experiments, no starting material was identified in the product The majore product was 1.9-dimetiiylnaphthalene and the other material showed GC peaks with retention times from tetralin to methyltetralin. 

Screening for toxicity Toxicity of the crude acetone soluble and insoluble products was determined using the mouse bioassay. Measured quantities of these products were administered via intraperitoneal injection into outbred Harlan Sprague Dawley ICR (BR) mice weighing approximately 20 g. The carrier was 1% Tween 60 in 0.15M sodium chloride and the injection volume was 0.5 ml per mouse. Extracts which caused death of mice within 48 hours were deemed toxic. However, it was apparent that some fractions were toxic even though death was not observed. 

Leafy Spurge Wax. Leaves of four North American accessions and one European accession of Euphorbia esula were dipped in chloroform (30 sec.) to obtain leaf wax samples for analytical gas chromato-graphy/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis (28). The wax samples were partitioned into acetone soluble and acetone-insoluble fractions. 

The GC/MS analysis showed the acetone-insoluble portion to contain hydrocarbons, long-chain aldehydes and alcohols, fatty acids and fatty acid esters while the acetone soluble portion contained terpenes and terpene esters. The yields of the general chemical classes as determined in the analysis of the five samples are summarized in Table III. A high yield of long-chain alcohols (primarily 1-hexacosanol) is found in all the accessions. While the yields are generally comparable in the North American samples, a significantly... 

The aldehyde of 8-hydroxybutyric acid, acetaldol, has been reported as one of the products of metabolism of human tubercle bacilli by Kasuya it is present particularly in the acetone-soluble fat moiety. 

White powder or tetragonal crystals density 7.72 g/cm practically insoluble in water, alcohol and acetone soluble in hydrochloric and nitric acids (with decomposition) Ksp 7.0 x Kh. ... 

White cubic crystal which turns blue when heated at 178°C density 4.14 g/cm the mineral nantokite (CuCl) has density 4.14 g/cm , hardness 2.5 (Mohs), refractive index 1.930 melts at 430°C becoming a deep, green hquid vaporizes around 1,400°C vapor pressure 5 torr at 645°C and 400 torr at 1,250°C low solubihty in water (decomposes partially) Ksp 1.72x10 insoluble in ethanol and acetone soluble in concentrated HCl and ammonium hydroxide. 

Black cubic (or rhombic) crystals density 4.50 g/cm Mohs hardness 6-6.5 (for braunite) decomposes at about 875°C insoluble in water insoluble in alcohol and acetone soluble in acids. 

Sulfur vaporizes at 444.6°C. The element, particularly in its orthorhombic Ss form, is insoluble in water but dissolves in carbon disulfide, anhydrous liquid ammonia, and methylene iodide. It is moderately soluble in benzene, toluene, chloroform, and acetone, solubility increasing with temperature. Solid polymeric sulfur is practically insoluble in all solvents. 

White crystalline powder sharp metallic taste orthorhombic structure refractive index 1.5452 density 4.20 g/cm very hygroscopic melts at 394°C vaporizes at 650°C highly soluble in water 447g/100 mL at 20°C aqueous solution acidic very soluble in alcohol, ether, and acetone soluble in alkali hydroxides and ammonia solution. 

Organic solvent(s) No data No data Insoluble in ether and acetone Soluble in ethanol... 

The average ambient concentrations of the cyclohexane-, di-chloromethane- and acetone-soluble organic fractions from January, 1978 to August, 1979 were 2.9 yg/m, 1.0 yg/m and 4.4 yg/m. Respirable suspended particulate matter averaged 30.3 yg/m. ... 

Trace metal, sulfate and organic species in RSP samples are indicated with an superscript. The symbols CYC, DCM and ACE have been used for the cyclohexane-, dichloromethane-, and acetone-soluble fractions of the RSP samples, respectively. 

In contrast to the CYC, the acetone-soluble fraction of POM was not highly loaded on a single factor, but tended to be distributed among several factors (cf. Nos. 1, 2 and 4, Table I). 

SOURCE APPORTIONMENT MODELS FOR THE ACETONE-SOLUBLE FRACTION OF RESPIRABLE PARTICULATE MATTER ... 

No acetone soluble extractives were detected in completely cured resins. The films cured at 130°C for 1 hour had good rigidities and toughness as well as high transparencies. On the other hand, the resins obtained... 

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