Acetic acid, cyano-, methyl ester

Acetic acid, (4-chloro-2-oxobenzothiazolin-3-yl)- — see Benazolin Acetic acid, cyano-methyl ester... 

Abietylamine, dehydro-, A tnfluoro- [Acetamide, 2,2,2-trifluoro-/V-[ [1,2,3,4,4a, 9,10,1 Oa-octahydro-l, 4a-dtmethyl-7-(l-methylethyl)-l -phenanthrenyl ] -methyl]-, [17 (la,4ad,10aa))-, 125 Acetamides, A-arylalkyl-, 7 Acetanilide, 2,2,2-tnfluoro- [Acetamide, 2,2,2-tnfluoroTV-phenyl-], 122 Acetic acid, cyano-, methyl ester, 63 Acetic acid, methoxy-, 70 Acetic acid, phenoxy-, 68 Acetic acid, phenyl- [Benzeneacetic acid],... 

Acetic acid, chloro, tert butyl ester, 55, 94 Acetic acid, cyano-, ethyl ester, 55, 58, 60 Acetic acid, cyano-, methyl ester, 56, 63 Acetic acid, 3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl-, 55,45, 46... 

Beilstein Handbook Reference) Acetic acid, cyano-, methyl ester AI3-05599 BRN 0773945 Cyanoacetic acid methyl ester EINECS 203-288-8 Methyl cyanoacetate Methyl cyanoethanoate Methylester kyseliny kyanoctove NSC 3113 USAF KF-22. Used in organic synthesis and manufacture of pharmaceuticals and dyes. Liquid mp = -22.5° bp = 200.5° d = 1.1225 insoluble in H2O, very soluble in EtOH, Et20. Degussa-Huls Carp. GreeffR.W. Co. Lonzagroup. 

Chloro-a-(1-methylethyl)benzene-acetic acid cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl ester. See Fenvalerate... 

Synonyms 4-Chloro-a-(1 -methylethyl)benzene-acetic acid cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl ester o-Cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl) a-(4-chlorophenyl) isovalerate 2-o-Cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrate a-Cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrate Cyano (3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl 4-chloro-a-(1-methylethyl) benzeneacetate Phenvalerate Pydrin Empirical C25H22CINO3... 

A solution of 69g of sodium in 1,380 ccof absolute alcohol is mixed with 257.4 g of /3-methyl-thioethyl-d -methyl)-n-butvl-cyano-acetic acid ethyl ester and 114 g of thiourea and the whole mass boiled under reflux with stirring for six hours. After concentration under vacuum the residue is taken up in 1.5 liters of water and shaken up thrice, each time with 300 cc of ether. The aqueous alcoholic layer is stripped, under vacuum, of the dissolved ether and mixed with 300 cc of 30% acetic acid under stirring and ice cooling. The precipitated material is sucked off, washed with water, dried and recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol. The thus obtained j3-methvl-thioethyl-(1 -methyD-n-butyl-cyano-ecetyl thiourea forms yellowish green crystals having a melting point of 229°C to 230°C. 

Acetic acid, anhydride, [108-24-7], 58,157 bromo-, methyl ester [96-32-2], 57, 60 chloro-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester, 55, 94 cyano-, ethyl ester [105-56-6], 55, 58,... 

Of the various nonvolatile NOC, the AT-nitrosamino acids have received the most attention. These compounds can be analyzed by HPLC either in the underivatized free-acid form or after esterification. Some of the chromatographic conditions used for this purpose are presented in Table 1. The free acids are best analyzed using either a C18 reversed-phase or an anion-exchange column, although some researchers have successfully used silica and cyano (in the presence of acetic acid as an ion-suppressing agent) columns for this purpose (Table 1). The methyl esters are best analyzed on a cyano or a silica column. The details of the chromatographic conditions can be obtained from Table 1 or the respective references. 

Azaindoles are readily acylated on the pyrrole nitrogen by warming on a water bath with acid anhydrides or with acid chlorides in the presence of carbonate or pyridine. Good yields were obtained by this procedure for the following compounds l-acetyl-7-azaindole, 1-benzoyl- and l-benzenesulfonyl-7-azaindole, l-benzoyl-2-methyl-7-azaindole, 1-ethoxycarbonyl- and l-chloroacetyl-7-azaindole, l-acetyl-3-cyano-7-azaindole, 1-benzoyl-4-azindole, and 1-acetyl- and l-benzoyl-2,5-dimethyl-4-azaindole. The only reported failure was with 5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-azaindole, which failed to react with acetic anhydride or benzoyl chloride. 2-Methyl-7-azaindole-3-acetic acid was acylated by treatment of its ierGbutyl ester with sodium hydride in dimethylformamide, followed by p-chlorobenzoyl chloride. ... 

SYN CYCLOPROPANECARBOXYLIC ACID, 3-(2,2-DICHLOROETHENYL)-2,2-DIMETHYL-, CYANO(3-PHENOXYPHENYL) METHYL ESTER, MIXED WITH ACETIC ACID ANHYDRIDE, 5-((2-(2-BUTOXYETHOXY) ETHOXY) METHYL)-6-PROPYL-l,3-BENZODIOXOLE, DIMETHYLBENZENE AND 1-METHYL 2-PYRROLIDIN ONE... 

Ethyl (1-methyl-A]-buteny )cyano-acetic acid ethyl ester Vinbarbital sodium 1-Ethyl-6,7-methylenedioxy-4-(1H)-oxocinnoline-3-carbonitrile Cinoxacin... 

This route is especially convenient because no over-alkylation of the anion of acetonitrile occurs. Over-alkylation can be a problem in attempts to methylate the anion of diethyl cyano-methylphosphonate (4) directly a mixture of unalkylated, monoalkylated and dialkylated products in a ratio of 1 2 1 is formed. The same problem arises with the alkylation of triethyl phosphonoacetate (11). For the preparation of a Ca-ester synthon, an alternative method to the propionitrile route is used (Scheme 7). This method has been used in the synthesis of labelled Cio-central units, described in the next Section. The starting material is acetic acid (9) which is converted into ethyl bromoacetate (10) as described above (Scheme 3). The ethyl bromoacetate (10) is reacted with triphenyl phosphine in a nucleophilic substitution reaction the phosphonium salt is formed (yield 97%). The phosphonium salt is deprotonated in a two-layer system of dichloromethane and an aqueous solution of NaOH. After isolation, the phosphorane 22 is reacted at room temperature with one equivalent of methyl iodide (19) the product consists mainly of the monomethylated phosphonium salt (>90%) which is deprotonated with NaOH, to give the phosphorane 23 in quantitative yield relative to phosphorane 22, and 23 is reacted with the aldehyde in dichloromethane. The ester product 12 can subsequently be reduced to the corresponding alcohol and reoxidized to the aldehyde 8. An alternative two-step sequence for this has also been used. First, the ester 12 is converted into the A -methyl-iV-methoxyamide (16) quantitatively by allowing it to react with the anion of A, 0-dimethylhydroxylamine as described above (Scheme 5). This amide 16 is converted, in one step, into the aldehyde 8 by reacting it with DIB AH in THF at -40°C [46]. 

Analysis of human CE by Northern blot shows a single band of approximately 2.1 kilobases (kb) (Riddles et al. 1991), and three bands of approximately 2-, 3-, and 4.2-kb occurring with hCE-2 (Schwer et al. 1997). The intensities of the 2.1-kb band were liver 3> heart > stomach > testis > kidney = spleen > colon > other tissues. For hCE-2, the 2-kb band was located in liver > colon > small intestine > heart, the 3-kb band in liver > small intestine > colon > heart, and the 4.2-kb band in brain, testis, and kidney only. Analysis of substrate structure versus efficiency for ester (pyrethroid substrates) revealed that the two CEs recognize different structural features of the substrate (i.e., acid, alcohol, etc.). The catalytic mechanism involves the formation of an acyl-enzyme on an active serine. While earlier studies of pyrethroid metabolism were primarily performed in rodents, knowledge of the substrate structure-activity relationships and the tissue distribution of hCEs are critical for predicting the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of pesticides in humans. Wheelock et al. (2003) used a chiral mixture of the fluorescent substrate cyclopro-panecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, cyano(6-methoxy-2-naphthalenyl)methyl ester (CAS No. 395645-12-2) to study the hydrolytic activity of human liver microsomes. Microsomal activity against this substrate was considered to be low (average value of ten samples 2.04 0.68 nmol min mg ), when compared to p-nitrophenyl acetate (CAS No. 830-03-5) at 3,700 2,100 mg ... 

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