Accelerator mass spectrometry sensitivity

Neutron activation also has been combined with accelerator mass spectrometry and has been demonstrated to have part-per-billion sensitivities fer bulk nitrogen analysis in silicon. This combination was also used to obtain depth profile of Cl in silicon semiconductors. ... 

C. Tuniz, Accelerator mass spectrometry ultra sensitive analysis for global science, Rad. Phys. Chem. 61, 317 322 (2001). 

Instrumental layouts and developments in AMS are reviewed by Kutschera.195 Today AMS is the most powerful, sensitive and selective mass spectrometric technique for measuring long-lived radionuclides at the level of natural isotopic abundances (10-16 to 10-12). Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) allows uranium isotope ratio measurements with an abundance sensitivity for 236U in the range of l(rlo-10 l2.l98J"... 

The most famous cosmogenic radionuclide is 14C (t1/2 = 5730 a), which is produced by the interaction of cosmic ray neutrons via an (n,p) reaction with nitrogen [14N(n, p)14C], whereas the radioactive decay of 14C takes place by (3 decay to form the stable 14N isotope. 14C is the most important cosmogenic radionuclide for dating (see Section 9.7.5) in archaeology and can be analyzed using isotope sensitive accelerator mass spectrometry. Extremely small isotope ratios 14C/12C = 12 in nature can be measured by means of AMS.28... 

Variations, which avoid the use of radioisotopes, are replacing RIA. Some utilize stable isotopes. However, 14C at such low levels that there is no radioactive waste can be coupled with accelerator mass spectrometry to provide very sensitive immunoassays.1 A great variety of other procedures are available. Some involve coupling to antibodies that carry fluorescent labels. Many are now automated. Often protein A from Staphylococcus aureus is utilized in various ways that take advantage of its ability to bind to the Fc portion of IgG from virtually all mammals. For example, it may fix antibodies to a surface or to a label)... 

Ognibene, T. J., and Vogel, J. S. (2004). Highly sensitive 14C and 3H quantification of biochemical samples using accelerator mass spectrometry. In Synthesis and Applications of Isotopically Labelled Compounds (Dean, D. C., Filer, C. N., and McCarthy, K. E., Eds.). Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, pp. 293-295. 

A promising alternative to the conventional radio-analytical measurement of C-14 in hADME studies is Accelerated Mass Spectrometry (AMS), which can operate as a detector for C-14 with an increase of sensitivity by a factor of 1000 (Gamer 2000). This technique is complex and presently not used routinely. In addition, as an alternative, the last-generation, high-sensitivity liquid scintillation beta counters show an increase of sensitivity by a factor of 10-20. In those cases where the dosimetric calculations indicate that a traditional dose (2-4 MBq) would result in an... 

As a highly selective and very sensitive isotopic analytical technique, accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is able to determine radionuchdes ( °Be, C1, A1, Tc, Np, Pu... 

Tuniz, C., Baird, J.R., Fink, D. Herzog, G.F. (1998) Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Ultra Sensitive Analysis for Global Science. Boca Raton, FL CRC Press. 

Vogel,. T.S. Turteltaub, K.W. Finkel, R. Nelson, D.E. Accelerator Mass spectrometry Isoptope Quantification at Attomole Sensitivity, Anal. Chem. June 67(1), 353A-359A (1995). 

Since the doses are very small, conventional LC-MS techniques are sometimes not sensitive enough to assay samples from microdosing studies. Often accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and positron emission tomography (PET) are required for obtaining PK and distribution information, respectively. As described in Section 5.4, although AMS is capable of quantifying 14C-labeled compounds with attomole (10 18M) sensitivity, the technique is not useful for distinguishing between an NCE... 

Lappin, G. and Gamer, R.C., Ultra-sensitive detection of radiolabelled drugs and their metabolites using accelerator mass spectrometry, in Bioanalytical Separations Handbook of Analytical Separation, Wilson, I.D. (ed.), Vol. 4, Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 331, 2003. 

Salehpour, M., Possnert, G., and Bryhni, H., Subattomole sensitivity in biological accelerator mass spectrometry, Anal. Chem., 80(10), 3515, 2008. 

Amperometric detection of iodide after chromotographic separation has proven a sensitive method to study stable iodine, while accelerator mass spectrometry is the method of choice for analyzing 1. However, further development of sensitive and specific analytical methods for different iodine species in complex matrices is warranted. Multiple and integrated approaches are needed to tackle complex issues surrounding iodine speciation. 

Vogel JS, Turteltaub KW, Finkel R, Nelson DE. Accelerator mass spectrometry—isotope quantification at attomole sensitivity. Anal Chem 1995 67 353A-359A. 

Hotchkis, M., Fink, D., Tuniz, C., and Vogt, S. 2000. Accelerator mass spectrometry analyses of environmental radionuclides sensitivity, precision and standardisation. Appl Radiat Isotopes 53(1-2), 31-37. 

Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is an ultrasensitive analytical method for radioactivity analysis. AMS offers 10 -10 -fold increases in sensitivity over LSC or other decay counting methods so that levels as low as 0.0001 DPM can be detected (Brown et al., 2005, 2006). AMS has been applied to mass balance determination, pharmacokinetic studies of total radioactivity, and measurement of chemically modified DNA and proteins in humans after the administration of a low radioisotope dose (approximately lOnCi/person for mass balance and drug metabolism studies) (Buchholz et al., 1999 Garner, 2000 Garner et al., 2002 Liberman et al., 2004 White and Brown, 2004). In addition, off-line HPLC-AMS has been explored for metabolite profiling after... 

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