Yeast mutation assays

Vinyl chloride is mutagenic in Salmonella Typhlmurlum and Bechertehla eoli (ref. 58, p. 3) also in the yeast mutation assay, the Drosophila recessive lethal test and in the host-mediated assay... 

In general, protein target identification often employs genetic techniques such as expression cloning, expression profiling, screening of yeast mutations, and yeast three-hybrid assays. None of these techniques works for every situation. 

Several amino acids in AGSl within the nucleotidebinding/hydrolysis motifs differ from their counterparts in Ras, and mutation of these residues in Ras leads to constitutive activity (Barbacid 1987 Feig and Cooper 1988), suggesting that AGSl may be constitutively active. AGS 1 is active in yeast-based assays without any apparent stimuli, and AGS 1 purified from yeast extracts is largely GTP bound (Cismowski et al. 2000). It is presently unclear whether these amino acid variations are sufficient to render AGS 1 constitutively active in mammalian cells or how posttranslational modifications of AGS 1 influence ifs level of basal and stimulated activity. 

Carls, N. Schiestl, R.H. (1994) Evalnation of the yeast DEL assay with 10 compounds selected by the International Program on Chemical Safety for the evalnation of short-term tests for carcinogens. Mutat. Res., 320, 293-303 Cesarone, C.F., Bolognesi, C. Santi, L. (1982) Evalnation of damage to DNA after in vivo exposnre to different classes of chemicals. Hrc/z. Toxicol, 5 (Snppl.), 355-359... 

Mehta, R.D. von Borstel, R.C. (1981) Mutagenic activity of 42 encoded compounds in the haploid yeast reversion assay, strain XV185-14C. In de Serres, F.J. Ashby, J., eds, Progress in Mutation Research, Vol. 1, Evaluation of Short-Term Tests for Carcinogens. Report of the International Collaborative Program, Amsterdam, Elsevier/North-Holland. pp. 414 423... 

Dichlorobenzenes can covalently bind to nucleic acids. In a concentration dependent manner, 1,2-dichlorobenzene and p-dichlorobenzene were found to be estrogenic in the yeast estrogen screen with relative potencies in relation to B-estradiol of 2.2 x 10 for 1,4-dichlorobenzene and 1.04x10 for 1,3-di-chlorobenzene. No mutagenic potential was observed in the gene mutation assay using mouse lymphoma cells. 

DIPE has been tested for genotoxic activity in bacterial mutation assays, a yeast assay for mitotic gene conversion, and in tests using rat liver and Chinese hamster ovary cells with structural chromosome damaging the end point. Negative responses were observed in the bacterial and yeast assays. 

Picloram was not mutagenic in gene mutation assays in bacteria and yeast, with or without metabolic activation. Using the forward mutation spot test picloram was mutagenic in Stertomyces coelicolor, which is not a widely accepted screen for mutagens. 

Sharp DC. Parry JM. 1981 b. Use of repair-deficient strains of yeast to assay the activity of 40 coded compounds. Prog Mutat Res 1 502-516. 

Yoon, J.H., Lee, C.S., and Pfeifer, G.P. (2003) Simulated sunlight and benzo[o]pyrene diol epoxide induced mutagenesis in the human p53 gene evaluated by the yeast functional assay lack of correspondence to tumor mutation spectra. Carcinogenesis, 24, 113-119. 

An analysis of mutable sites in the DNA-binding domain of human p53 has been performed using a yeast functional assay. This assay is based on the expression of human p53 introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing a p53-dependent reporter gene. Random mutagenesis has revealed that mutation at 542 sites in a 1079-bp fragment could inactivate p53 DNA binding. This number is remarkably close to the number of observed sites at... 

Alterations affecting single genes are termed point mutations. This category includes base pair substitutions and frame-shift mutations, in addition to other small deletions and insertions. For point mutations, the in vitro test systems are forward and reverse mutation assays in bacteria yeast ( ), fungi ( ), and mammalian cell cultures (b-1T),... 

Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene mutation assay Yeast Gene mutations in yeast B15/TG480... 

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