X-ray properties

Elemental composition Hg 76.39%, N 5.33%, 0 18.28%. The salt is dissolved in dilute nitric acid and analyzed for mercury (see Mercury). The compound is blackened by ammonia and caustic alkali solutions. It may be identified by physical and x-ray properties. 

Pyrophsophoric acid may be converted into its acid salts which may be characterized individually by physical and x-ray properties and elemental compositions. 

Elemental composition Pt 73.36%, Cl 26.64%. The compound is dissolved in concentrated HCl, diluted, and analyzed for platinum by flame-AA spectrophotometry (see Platinum). The salt may be identified by its ohve green color and other physical and x-ray properties. It forms a dark brown color in HCl. 

Elemental composition Pt 92.41%, 0 7.59%. The oxide can be identified by its physical and x-ray properties. Additionally, platinum may be measured by flame-AA following digestion of the solid with aqua regia and HCl (see Platinum). 

Elemental composition Ta 50.50%, Cl 49.50%. Tantalum content in an acid extract (HF-HNO3 extract) can be determined by various instrumental techniques. The pentachloride is hydrolyzed to HCl, which can be measured by acid-base titration. Also, the compound can be identified from its physical and x-ray properties. 

Let us now consider in detail some of the theoretical possibilities of solid solution. We will look at the microscopic and sub-microscopic effect of each type and how this determines the observed X-ray properties and treatment of phase equilibrium relations of the minerals. 

Massonne HJ, Schreyer W (1986) High-pressure synthesis and X-ray properties of white micas in the system KzO-Mg-AlzOs-SiOz-HzO. N Jahrb Mineral Abh 153 177-215 Massotme HJ, Schreyer W (1989) Stability field of the high-pressure assemblage talc + phengite and two new phengite barometers. Eur J Mineral 1 391-410... 

Structural (X-ray) properties of homoleptic, mononuclear transition metal complexes of 1,2-dioxolenes 06CCR(250)2000. 

Aza[10]annulene is best observed in the methylene-bridged structure of Figure 6.15. Several derivatives of this system are known. Here, there are two trans double bonds, with the two inner H replaced by the bridge. The bridge holds the ring in a planar conformation, and these annulenes show the NMR and X-ray properties consistent with cychc electron delocalization. 

C. Hermann, in a detailed investigation of the symmetry groups of amorphous and mesomorphous phases, has devised a systematic treatment of all possible crystalline liquids equivalent to the point lattice concept of crystals and has shown that there are a great many different possibilities for the appearance of the mesophases which behave characteristically in respect to x-ray properties and behavior in polarized light. Everything in nature seems to display essentially the two orientation possibilities named above. 

X-ray spectroscopy Finally, X-ray fluorescence can be used to determine the elemental profile of inks and papers. Some techniques based on X-ray properties (particle-induced X-ray emission and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy) have been applied to writing inks. Nevertheless, it was found that there were not enough variation between the different particles, present in ink formula, to help distinguish from each other. 

As a result of chemical, optical, thermal, and X-ray studies of chromium-bearing chlorites, Lapham suggested a definitive classification based on the structural location of Cr. He showed that for Cr203 contents under 2%, there is no noticeable effect of Cr on the structure. He suggested using the accepted Mg-Fe chlorite classification with a Cr prefix for these specimens, for example, Cr-clinochlore or Cr-penninite. For CrjOj contents greater than 2 %, there are appreciable effects on the optical, thermal, and X-ray properties. These effects differ, depending on whether the Cr is present in tetrahedral or octahedral coordination. Lapham recommends use of the name kammererite for specimens with octahedral Cr, and the name kotschubeite for those with tetrahedral Cr. 

H. Takahashi, and H. Matsui, 1954. On X-ray properties of the fireclay from Kurata Mines,... 

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