High-Pressure Syntheses

Interest in AIN, GaN, InN and their alloys for device applications as blue light-emitting diodes and blue lasers has recently opened up new areas of high-pressure synthesis. Near atmospheric pressure, GaN and InN are nnstable with respect to decomposition to the elements far below the temperatures where they might melt. Thus, large boules of these materials typically used to make semiconductor devices caimot be grown from the... 

High Pressure Synthesis. Reaction at pressures of 10 to 20 MPa (100—200 atm) and temperatures ia the 400°C range is known as the high pressure process. 

The eyeles in these power reeovery applieations are relatively simple. Figures 1-2 and 1-3 are typieal examples. The eyele eonfigura-tions involve the removal of solids or liquids ahead of the expander, and often the ineoming stream is heated so its temperature will not reaeh its frost point at the diseharge. This addition of heat also inereases the amount of available power. Some examples of this applieation are expansion of waste gas, waste produets of eombustion in oxidation proeesses, waste earbon dioxide, and expansion of high-pressure synthesis gas streams. 

An alternative source of the ethyl component was ethyl bromide, a less expensive material. It was at this point that GM called upon DuPont to take over process development. DuPont was the largest U.S. chemical company at the time. It had extensive experience in the scale-up of complex chemical operations, including explosives and high-pressure synthesis. The manufacturing process was undertaken by DuPont s premier department, the Organic Chemical section. GM contracted with DuPont to build a 1,300 pound per day plant. The first commercial quantities of TEL were sold in Februai-y 1923 in the form of ethyl premium gasoline. 

High-pressure synthesis Here austenitic steels are applied to autoclaves and pressure-vessel linings, pipelines, valves and other equipment dealing with a variety of products, often at quite high temperatures. 

High pressure synthesis of cryptands ana complexing behaviour of chiral cryptands. J. Jurczak and M. Pietraszkiewicz, Top. Curr. Chem., 1986,130,183 (49). 

The catalytic synthesis of ammonia from its elements via the Haber-Bosch process is of major industrial importance. The high pressure synthesis is catalyzed by Fe promoted with K20, CaO and A1203. 

The cause of the rate acceleration by diethyl ether solutions of lithium perchlorate in organic reactions. Application to high pressure synthesis [35c] o O,... 

Finally, the high-pressure synthesis favors the formation of borides that are difficult to prepare under standard conditions. In this way SmBj with the AlB2-type structure and GdB,2 and ThB,2 with the UB,2-type structure are prepared. ... 

Matsumoto K (2007) High-Pressure Synthesis of Heterocycles Related to Bioactive Molecules. 8 1-42... 

Jurczak, J., and Pietraszkiewicz, M. High-Pressure Synthesis of Cryptands and Complexing Behaviour of Chiral Cryptands. 130, 183-204 (1985). 

When irradiated in the presence of norbornadiene and high-pressure synthesis gas, rhodium chloride is converted to a catalyst which is active for a variety of reactions. /2A/. The salt is probably converted photochemically to the rhodium norbornadiene complex 9. This dimer may undergo a consecutive photoreaction to give the monomeric hydrido complex 10, which is the actual catalyst for polymerisation, hydrogenation, and hydroformylation reactions. 

Fursenko B. A. (1981). High pressure synthesis of the chromium bearing garnets Mn3Cr2Si30i2. Doklady Acad. Scl USSR, 250 176-179. 

Katsura.T Iwasaki, B. Kimura, S. Akimoto, S. (1967) High-pressure synthesis of the stoichiometric compound iron(II) oxide. J. 

The duPont Co in 1940 put in operation a unique plant at Belle, West Virginia, in which glycol was manufd by hydrogenation of methyl-glycolate, the raw materials (or which included its own high pressure synthesis products formaldehyde and methanol... 

High pressure increases the density of SrCu02 by 8%, and the Cu-0 coordination changes from chains to two-dimensional Cu02 sheets. High pressure synthesis has been used to make many high temperature superconductors as this facilitates the formation of the two-dimensional Cu-0 sheets necessary for this type of superconductivity (see Chapter 10). 

It is interesting that cobalt and PF3 do not give (PF3)3Co(PF2)2Co(PF3)3, although this compound is a by-product of the high-pressure synthesis of Co2(PF3)8 (67a). Nickel atoms react with difluorophosphines (94, 121), e.g.,... 

This paper consists of three parts. The first part describes the high pressure synthesis of bimetallic compounds of NbN and MN where M is a Group 13 metal such as Al, Ga, or In. The second part discusses crystal structure investigations of a series of alkaline earth and transition metal nitrides, carried out to understand the bonding surrounding the transition metals. The third part describes the preparation of new metastable transition metal nitride and their solid solutions by rf-sputter deposition. 

High-Pressure Synthesis of Heterocycles Related to Bioactive Molecules... 

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