Wound healing inflammation phase

The key phases that are crucial in cellular processes of wound healing are inflammation, angiogenesis, fibroplasia, epithelialization, and dermal remodeling [80, 81]. Each phase requires collaborative contribution of various types of proteins, cells and tissues in the microenvironment of the wound, and the APP appears to contribute in multiple phases of the wound healing process [82]. 

Inflammation is another key phase in the wound healing process. Inflammation in the tissue is caused by bacterial infection around the wounded tissue. When the inflammatory response becomes excessive, it can drastically delay the wound repair process [87]. For example, if the level of infectious bacteria was not controlled well, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines would be prolonged, initiating the chro-nicity of wounds [88]. When the bacterial loads larger than 10 CFlMssue, the... 

Figure 14.9 Major events that occur during the four phases of wound healing (a) homeostasis (b) inflammation (c) proliferation and (d) maturation and tissue remodeling.

As a natural constituent of connective tissue and major structural protein, collagen is implicated in all phases of the wound healing process (hemostasis, inflammation, migration, proliferation and maturation) and controls the cellular functions such as cell shape and differentiation, migration, and synthesis of a number of proteins [100]. The use of collagen dressings may seem attractive in view of their functions to ... 

It should be noted that the normal inflammatory phase of wound healing should not be confused with the abnormal inflammation secondary to clinical infection, which tends to produce a raised temperature and raised white cell count. 

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