Woolen

Now, rich or poor, we re enduring instead woolens which itch ... 

Wool-acrylic blends Wool combing Wool-cotton blends Wool dyes Woolen systems... 

Colorless dyes of the chlorinated diphenyl ether—ureasulfonic acid type (Mitin [3567-25-7] (158)) and the (polychloro-2-chloromethylsulfonamido)-diphenyl ether type (Eulan (159)) appHed at 1—3% of the fabric weight are the most widely used during the fabrication of woolens. They cannot be removed by dry cleaning and provide protection from fabric pests over the lifetime of the product. 

The multiplicity of nylon blends, processing systems, and uses requires a large variety of staple types. Tex per filament may be 0.1—2 (1—20 den), the cross section may be round or modified, the luster may be bright or dull, crimp may be present or absent, and the fiber may be heat-set or not, depending on its use. The staple length is about 4 cm for cotton system processing, 5—7 cm for the woolen system, 8—10 cm for the worsted system, and about 18—20 cm for carpet staple. 

Staple is used directly in the manufacturing of nonwoven fabrics (qv) (127) and spun into yam through the cotton, worsted, and woolen systems in 100% form or in blends with other synthetic or natural fibers (128,129). 

The efficiency of the vegetable matter (burr and seeds) removal mechanism depends on the carefiil maintenance of settings and speeds and the level of drying of the scouted wool (86). The butt wastes contain wool fiber. Butt, together with fiber which has dropped beneath the card, may be carbonized and used in the woolen system. 

Processes 8 and 9 again employ giUs. The purpose is to shuffle the fibers in the combed sUvet to produce a random positional distribution, and thus the most even sUvet possible. The second finisher gilling wiU also incorporate either a baU winding head, or a press that condenses top that has been deUveted into a can. This latter product is caUed bump top. Both baU and bump facUities ate usuaUy necessary to satisfy customers differing needs. Bumps or baUs wUl then be further pressed into bales for shipment. Combed wool destined for processing on the woolen system may be sucked in short lengths from the comb to form broken top. 

In woolen spinning there are no highly efficient mechanical methods to remove VM. Generally, very clean scoured wool, combed wools, or carbonized wool must be used as inputs, or fabrics must be carbonized. 

Woolen spinning is thus a very short sequence compared to worsted processing. Woolen yams are economically uncompetitive with worsted yams even at relatively coarse yam counts, a result of the yams being virtually made on the carding machine, the expense of the much larger card used, the low dehvery speed, and the very low card production in spinning fine yams, resulting from the low deUvery speed. 

Woolen yams caimot be spun as fine as worsted yams, even when using the same fiber diameter. The fabric weights are greater and they have a harsher feel. For these reasons woolen products have not been able to foUow the modem trend to smoother lightweight clothing as easily as their worsted counterparts. 

The woolen processor is relatively close to the consumer market. The essence of its success is the identification of lucrative markets in apparel or home finishings and the appropriate choice of the most cost-competitive blend fiber input. Technical experience, skillful design, and effective marketing are mandatory. 

In devising strategies to prevent insect attack on processed woolens, it is appropriate to aim only to protect processed wool goods and to control the principal domestic pest species. This is usually achieved by incorporation of an insecticide into those goods required to be protected, usually from the dyebath while the articles are being dyed, and methods for protection of wool goods have been reviewed (122). 

WoUe, /. wool. — philosophische —, philosopher s wool (zinc oxide). woUen, v.i. t. will, be willing, choose, intend, mean, wish, want be about, be going (to do something). — a. woolen,... 

WoUen-, wool, woolen, worsted. WoU-entfettung, -entschweissung, /. degreasing of wool, -farber, m. wool dyer, woUfarbig, a. dyed in the wool. 

WoU-faser, /. wool fiber, -fett, n. wool fat, wool grease, -fettsaure, /. wool fat acid, -filz, m. wool felt, -gam, n. woolen yarn, -gamfett, n. wool yarn grease, -griin, n. wool green. woUig, a. woolly. 

The early nineteenth century saw the beginning of factory production systems, particularly in the cotton mills of Lancashire and woolen mills in Yorkshire. Accidents arising from the use or misuse of steam plant, particularly boilers, became common and led not only to damage and destruction to property but also to death and bodily injury to persons in or about the scene of the explosions. 

Difluorodiphenyl disulfide, when tested on woolen swatches, is an outstanding knockdown agent and toxicant for body lice. Several compounds with p-fluorinated phenyl radicals have exhibited the same order of activity against lice, but too few compounds with the disulfide linkage have been tested to warrant an appraisal of its effect here. 

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