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Whole oil

Utilisa tion of shale oil products for petrochemical production has been studied (47—51). The effects of prerefining on product yields for steam pyrolysis of shale oil feed and the suitabiUty of Green River shale oil as a petrochemical feedstock were investigated. Pyrolysis was carried out on the whole oil, vacuum distillate, and mildly, moderately, and severely hydrogenated vacuum distillates. [Pg.354]

S. Chen, in E. W. Lusas, D. R. Erickson, and W.-K. Nip, eds.. Food Uses of Whole Oil andProtein Seeds, American Oil Chemists Society, Champaign,... [Pg.305]

The oil content of flaxseed ranges from 400 to 450g/kg and the byproduct of mechanical oil extraction - flaxseed (or linseed) meal - can be used in organic poultry feeding. There is also interest in feeding the ground whole oil-containing seed to poultry for two main reasons to produce meat with a fatty acid profile in the fat that confers health benefits to the consumer (Conners, 2000) and to impart an enhanced flavour to the meat. [Pg.105]

For the process engineering studies, these severity definitions were broadened, based on the hydrogen consumption required. If the hydrogen consumption for the whole oil hydrotreater was over 2750 SCF/bbl, the severity was referred to as high. If the hydrogen consumption was between 1750 and 2750 SCF/bbl, the severity was referred to as intermediate. If the hydrogen consumption was 1750 SCF/bbl or lower, the severity was referred to as moderate. [Pg.84]

Separate naphtha and middle distillate versus whole oil initial hydrotreating. [Pg.117]

An Alternative to Whole Oil Hydrotreating Hydrotreating of Rerun Illinois H-Coal... [Pg.141]

Thirty crude oils from the BCF were collected (1) along two parallel and generally southwest-northeast trends. The areal extent of the BCF showing locations of wells sampled is shown in Figure 1. These oils were characterized by their API gravity, percent saturates, aromatics, NSO and asphaltene compounds, gas chromatograms for whole oils, CA-C7 fractions, and aromatics. Concurrently, 24 associated waters were also sampled and analyzed for Ca++, Mg++, Na+, HC03, C03 , SOA , pH, and total dissolved solids (TDS) (1). [Pg.593]

Figure 2. Whole oil gas chromatograms for representative oils from each of different classes (Reprinted with permission from Ref. 1. Copyright 1983 Bockmeulen et al.)... Figure 2. Whole oil gas chromatograms for representative oils from each of different classes (Reprinted with permission from Ref. 1. Copyright 1983 Bockmeulen et al.)...
Citnil is i purr isolated compound is a very powerful irritant, however, when present in the whole oil of lemon (where it makes up about 5%), its possible hazards appear to be reduced by the presence of the other 95% of constituents, most of which are terpenes. It is important to remember that citral rich oils like lemongrass may act as skin irritants and sensitisers in some people. [Pg.66]

Thus interdependence means that although the chemical compounds and their individual amounts and properties are known in a particular oil, their interrelationships are often complex and may not reflect the properties of that whole oil in use. In most cases the whole oil is found to be more effective, with fewer side-effects than when using individual isolated components. [Pg.127]

However, this is an example of an essential oil in which the minor components are of great significance it contains a furocoumarin called bergaptene (0.2-0.5%), which is a phototoxic compound and needs to be used with caution. Many oils have it removed and are called FCF (furocoumarin-free) oils, even though this is technically a rectification of the whole oil. This is discussed under safety in Chapter 8. The odour of this oil is also influenced by the presence of trace components guaienol, spathulenol, nerolidol, farnesol and (i-sinensal. Box 7.8 shows safety data for bergamot oil and Box 7.9 shows a material data safety sheet. [Pg.160]

Figure 7.15 Ylang ylang, Cananga odorata. Analysis of whole oil before distillation. Courtesy of Jenny Warden, Traceability. Figure 7.15 Ylang ylang, Cananga odorata. Analysis of whole oil before distillation. Courtesy of Jenny Warden, Traceability.
The three GC analyses show samples of the whole oil before any redistillation, an Extra and a Grade 3. The significant compounds reflect the variation in the published table the results of these analyses are shown in Table 7.6. [Pg.194]

A flow diagram for a proposed shale oil refinery is shown in Figure 5. An FCC unit is used as the primary cracking process. This refinery produces high-octane gasoline and diesel fuel. Jet fuel also could be produced by severely hydrogenating a kerosene cut (10) from the whole-oil hydrotreater or by using a hydrocracker in place of the FCC. The... [Pg.45]

Approximate yields for the hydrotreating and FCC processes are shown in Table X. The whole-oil hydrotreater data are based on results from the large-scale feed preparation run. The FCC data are described above. Since 41 LV % of the raw shale oil is fed to the FCC as hydrotreated 650° F+ bottoms, the FCC pilot plant yields were multiplied by 0.41 and reported as yield to raw shale oil. [Pg.46]

Fractionation of Pyrolysis Oils. Pyrolysis oil obtained from the vortex reactor was fractionated according to the scheme shown in Figure 3. Whole oil (1 kg) was dissolved in ethyl acetate (EA) on a 1 1 (w/w) basis. The oil was then vacuum filtered through filter paper to remove fine char. Upon standing, the EA/pyrolysis oil separated into two phases-an organic rich, EA-soluble phase and an EA-insoluble phase. Most of the water formed during pyrolysis is contained in the EA-insoluble phase. The EA-soluble portion of the oil was washed with water (2 x 75 mL) to remove the remaining water-soluble derived products. [Pg.140]

The typical whole oil contained about 6.2% and 0.4% phenolic hydroxy and carboxylic acid contents, respectively. The P/N fraction contained 6.6% phenolic hydroxy and no carboxylic acid content, whereas, the acids fraction contained 9.2% and 0.9% of phenolic hydroxy and carboxylic acid contents, respectively. [Pg.146]


See other pages where Whole oil is mentioned: [Pg.31]    [Pg.432]    [Pg.352]    [Pg.166]    [Pg.306]    [Pg.274]    [Pg.129]    [Pg.351]    [Pg.77]    [Pg.1497]    [Pg.399]    [Pg.889]    [Pg.31]    [Pg.237]    [Pg.114]    [Pg.598]    [Pg.88]    [Pg.145]    [Pg.30]    [Pg.35]    [Pg.35]    [Pg.35]    [Pg.45]    [Pg.46]    [Pg.46]    [Pg.221]    [Pg.289]    [Pg.294]    [Pg.109]    [Pg.144]    [Pg.147]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.598 , Pg.599 ]




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