Water purification circulation rates

The introduction of 0.5 L of air into a 500-L glovebox produces a concentration of 200 ppm of oxygen. This level can be reduced to about 1 ppm in 5-10 min at a throughput of one box-volume per minute, which implies that the purification system has an efficiency of about 50%. To reduce oxygen and water below 20-50 ppm is difficult unless the circulation rate exceeds 10 box-volumes per hour. 

Operation of the CLCD started by introducing 3 Kg of iodine and 1 Kg of water at room temperature in the main reaction vessel R-l. SO2 was then bubbled through at a rate of 3 liters/minute until there was evidence of formation of two separate liquid phases (20 minutes). The prime reaction products were kept circulating through the filter F-l and the cooler C-l by means of the pump P-1. Since the temperature had risen to only 45°C, no cooling was necessary. Intermittently, the liquid was fed to the phase separator R-2, allowed to rest 5-10 minutes to complete the separation and then the upper phase sent to the H2SO4 purification boiler R-3 and the lower phase to the degasser R-6. 

The test coupon racks were suspended in the IR-8 reactor spent fuel storage basin water. The reactor pool water was purified with a purification system consisting of mechanical and ion exchange filters. The volume of the storage basin water was approximately 30 m. The water was continuously circulated at a flow rate of about 10 L/min in the vicinity of the test racks. The... 

Decrease the amount of make up water necessary by increasing the concentration rate by more thorough purification of make up water, or side-stream purification (on a fraction of the circulating flow). 

About 13% of the light water which is circulated over the fuel elements in the most highly rated boiling channel is converted into steam to give a turbine a stop valve pressure of 900 psig. The heavy water moderator has its own cooling and purification circuit and the light water coolant has circuits for water treatment and the detection of fuel element can failure. 

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