Water metal oxide nanomaterials

The synthesis of ultrapure monodispersible metal oxide nanomaterials with well-defined functional properties and their future applications is still a challenging task to the material synthetic chemists and engineers. Particle size influences the structural properties, lattice symmetry, and other particle parameters, due to their interaction with the surrounding environment with a high surface energy. Metal oxide can be dispersed in organic solvents (organosols) or water (hydrosols). 

It is, therefore, very important that a systematic overview of water treatments be undertaken since, even when efficient metal oxide nanomaterials have been prepared for the treatment of water it is also vital to consider the subject from an engineering aspect. Indeed, in some cases this may be more important than the unique nature of the materials themselves. Likewise, it should be noted-from a precautionary angle-that the very properties of these nanomaterials which render them attractive for water treatment might also cause them to become eco-toxic [179-181],... 

Lei Y, Asmatulu R, Nuraje N (2015) Photo-active metal oxide nanomaterials for water splitting. ScienceJet 4 169... 

This section covers environmental applications of nanomaterials insofar as they are directly applied to the pollutant of interest. The photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and remediation of polluted soils and water are discussed here. The high surface areas and photocatalytic activities of semiconductor nanomaterials have attracted many researchers. Semiconductor nanomaterials are commercially available, stable, and relatively nontoxic and cheap. Prominent examples that are discussed are metal oxides such as Ti02 and ZnO and a variety of Fe-based nanomaterials. 

Metal oxide nanoparticles (Al Oj, TiO ) can help to increase the mechanical and thermal stability as well as permeate flux of polymeric membranes. The incorporation of zeolites improves the hydro-philicity of membranes resulting in raised water permeabihty. AntimiCTobial nanoparticles (nanosilver, CNTs) and (photo) catalytic nanomaterials (bimetallic nanoparticles, TiO ) are mainly used to increase resistance to fouling [125]. 

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