Brine water

A large reserve of caUche ore bearing iodine is being processed in the Atacama Desert. Production of iodine there is relatively inexpensive. About 40% of the world supply of iodine is made from these Chilean deposits. The process consists of leaching the caUche with water. Brine is stripped of iodine using an organic solvent. The iodine is then removed from the solvent to form a slurry. SoHd-phase iodine is separated from the slurry in conventional flotation cells, dried, and packaged. Details of the process are proprietary. 

Plain, braided asbestos 500 Heat resistance combined with resistance to water, brine, oil, many chemicals. Can be reinforced with wire. 

Ramie 300 Good resistance to water, brine, cold oil. 

A removal efficiency of 95% is attainable with high inlet gas concentrations. However, the minimum concentration of organic compounds obtained in the outlet gas effluent is equal to the saturation concentration at the operation temperature. Chilled water, brine, refrigerant propylene, and liquid nitrogen can be used as coolants. 

A solution of the alcohol (lmmol), TBDMSC1 (1.2mmol) and ImH (2.5 mmol) in DMF (2 ml/g alcohol) was stirred at room temperature for 24-48 h. The mixture was poured into pentane (25 ml), and washed with water, brine, and dried. Concentration followed by chromatography on Si02 or distillation gave the silyl ether. 

Saturated organic solvents (vacuum some non-condensable) Water-brine 300-700 50-120... 

Organic solvents (atmospheric and high non-condensable) Water-brine 100-500 20-80... 

Low-frequency conductivity data [37] obtained along this 45°C isotherm are illustrated in Fig 2. The initial oscillatory variation in the conductivity for a > 0.9 can be assigned to variations in AOT partitioning among dimers and other low aggregates and reverse micelles, as reverse micelles are nucleated by added water (brine). These variations will be discussed in greater detail in another publication. The key behavior for the purposes of this exposition is the onset of the electrical conductivity percolation at a = 0.85. The conductivity increases two orders as a decreases from 0.85 to 0.70, and as shown in the inset, the conductivity increases another two orders as a a decreases from 0.7 to 0.3. 

AS WELL Water brine Leakage into storages Concentration of NH4OH in... 

A series of processes will control the behaviour of C02 in saline aquifer formations. First, the C02 will displace the formation water (brine) originally in place and will lead to a local increase in pore fluid pressure (van der Meer, 1992). The injected C02 will not be distributed evenly, but will finger out, owing to the lower density than the pore waters and the heterogeneities of the aquifer. Doughty et al. (2001) point out that the shape of the C02 plume in the aquifer will be highly site- and case-specific. Carbon dioxide will rise to the top of the aquifer and migrate at the bottom of the... 

Figure 3. Histogram of 5 C1 in groundwater and formation water brines from sedimentary basins and oil fields relative to Cl/ Cl in SMOC (vertical dashed line at 0%o). N is the number of analyses, and bracketed numbers identify references as follows [1] Kaufmann et al. 1993 [2] Eggenkamp 1994 [3] Ziegleret al. 2001 [4] Eastoe et al. 2001 [5] Kaufmann 1984 [6] Kaufmann et al. 1984 [7] Kaufmann et al. 1988 [8] Eastoe and Guilbert 1992 [9] Eastoe et al. 1999 [10] Desauliniers et al. 1986 and [11] Eggenkamp et al. 1994.

Produced water (brine) disposal practices may be divided into the broad categories of surface discharge, subsurface discharge, evaporation, and reuse. Approximately 30 states produce some amount of oil or gas, and brine handling practises vary considerably because of variations in climate, geology, brine quantity and quality, and regulatory framework [23]. 

This technology is targeted only for hydrogen sulfide. It requires anaerobic conditions, nutrients, and in the case of water applications, transportation media (water/brine). 

Run cold water, brine or water-glycol solution into the bath to a predetermined level which will fill the bath to l/8 inch (3.2mm) below the top when the cup is in place. The bath liquid should be at least 30F(17 Q below the anticipated flash point... 

Ethyl acetate, hexane 5 % aq. HCI Citric acid Ice, water, brine... 

A stirred solution of 2,2 -bithiophene (60.24 mmol) dissolved in 150 ml THF was treated with n-butyllithium (2.5M in hexanes 50.0 mmol) dropwise at -78°C and then warmed to ambient temperature over 2 hours. The mixture was then treated with 6-bromohexyloxy-t-butyl-dimethylsilane (50.0 mmol) and stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The reaction was then quenched with aqueous NH4CI and extracted three times with 70 ml ethyl acetate. Combined extracts were washed with water, brine, dried over MgS04, and concentrated. The residue was purified by... 

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