Wall growth

There is strong evidence that PE-pectate complexes exist within the cell wall as well as in plant extracts. The formation of these complexes and release by cations and/or cell wall potential is thought to influence cell wall growth and extension (16, 17). The data in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 depicts the effect on PE activity of calcium or ferric chloride and the effect of the... 

Another enzyme involved in cell wall growth is chitinase which could be involved in the regulation of growth rate. Its properties in Phycomyces sporangiophores have been described (Cohen, 1974a) but light effects on the activity of its enzyme have not yet been reported. 

Doripenem(20 Finibax / Doribax ) Thienamycin (11) Carbapenem-type p-lactum NP-derived Microbial Antibacterial Inhibits bacterial cell wall growth 239-247... 

Bacitracin (Fig. 4) is a cyclic peptide antibiotic. The lipid II molecule involved in the bacterial cell wall biosynthesis has a C55 isoprenyl pyrophosphate moiety that must be dephosphorylated so that it can reparticipate in another round of lipid II transfer. Bacitracin binds to the isoprenyl pyrophosphate and prevents the dephosphorylation which, in turn, blocks cell wall growth by interfering with the release of the muropeptide subunits to the outside of the bacterial cell membrane. Bacitracin inhibits similar reactions in eukaryotic cells. So, it is systemically toxic but is an effective and widely used topical antibiotic. 

Although it appears probable that there is no overall loss of wall polymers, except, perhaps, in the period just preceding full fruit-maturity, and that wall growth is continuous during cell expansion, there is almost certainly a turnover of wall polysaccharides, and the making and breaking of bonds to facilitate wall expansion during the maturation of fruits. The subject of the possible mechanism by which this wall expansion occurs is discussed in the Section that follows. 

Plant cells tend to grow in clumps which cause sedimentation, poor mixing, plugging the inlet and outlet lines, wall growth, and so on. 

Advantage/Disadvantage. Compared to unicellular organisms, filamentous ones are easier (and cheaper) to recover from fermentation media (by sieving or rotary vacuum filtration) and have a more fibrous texture. However, dettse broths of filamentous organisms can be difficult to aerate and wall growth can cause problems such as clogging of pipes and valves. 

Patankar, D. Oolman, T. Wall-growth hollow-fiber reactor for tissue culture I. Preliminary experiments. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 1990,36,97-103. 

If the crystallizer is run at ambient temperature, it is not necessary to use a jacket on the column. However, even at ambient internal temperature, the crystallizer shows reduced (or totally eliminated) internal wall growth if a jacket is used (even without cooling fluid). 

One minute after the growth temperature had been reached, the pressure was reduced to 150 Torr and silane introduced into the gas stream. The propane flow was simultaneously reduced to achieve a Si/C ratio of 0.31. Growth took place from this point until the desired run time was reached. This process will be called the cold wall growth process schedule from this point on. 

Control of Pectin Synthesis and Deposition during Plant Cell Wall Growth... 

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