Cell expansion

The production of secondaiy metabohtes has often been characterized using the classical equations of Leudeldng and Piret. However, the complexities of plant cell and tissue cultures have led to revisions to this equation to include fresh cell weight and viability, cell expansion, and culture death phase. Therefore, the production model is written as the following ... 

Tomos, A.D. (1985). The physical limitations of leaf cell expansion. In Control of Leaf Growth, ed. N.R. Baker, W.J. Davies and C. Ong, pp. 1-33. Cambridge Cambridge University Press. 

Osmotic adjustment Cell expansion and Morgan Condon,... 

Plant cells selected for tolerance to stress show varied responses to the imposed osmotic gradients. In adapted cells, tolerance to salinity or to water stress was not found to increase proportionately with increases in turgor (Handa et al., 1983 Binzel et al., 1985). It was suggested from these observations and from studies by Heyser Nabors (1981) that no relationship existed between turgor and growth and that stress adaptation may alter the relationship between turgor and cell expansion (see also Chapter 6). 

Changes in wall architecture occur during isodiametric cell expansion, cell elongation, and the thickening of a growing wall to its mature thickness, and so it is important to define whether the synthesis and secretion of particular cell-wall molecules correlates with differentiation events or with general cell expansion. Ceils are stimulated into producing wall polysaccharides upon subculture, so we used a non-inductive medium, in which the cells only expand, for comparison with inductive medium at all times. 

Cell expansion rate, turgor, osmotic pressure, and water potential of leaf 6 and leaf 11 of wild type and invertase plants... 

Fig. 1. Quantification of framework Ti sites and unit cell expansion versus Ti contents using XPS 2p transition lines ( O ). XANES profiles at Ti K-edge (A) and Rietveld refinement of the XRD powder patterns ( ). Solid data points for TS-1 prepared as in ref [9].

Cacalano G, Lee J, Kikly K, et al. Neutrophil and B cell expansion in mice that lack the murine IL-8 receptor homolog. Science 1994 265 682-684. 

We have described above the evolution of the magnetic properties of the [Cp2M (dmit)]AsFg salts upon isomorphous Mo/W substitution. Another possibility offered by this attractive series is the isomorphous substitution of the counter ion, that is PFg- vs AsF6 vs Sbl- fi. Electrocrystallization experiments conducted with [Cp2Mo(dmit)] and the three different electrolytes afforded an isomorphous series, with a smooth evolution of the unit cell parameters with the anion size [32], This cell expansion with the anion size leads to decreased intermolecular interactions between the [Cp2Mo(dmit)]+ radical cation, as clearly seen in Table 2 from the decreased Curie-Weiss temperatures and Neel temperatures (associated with the transition they all exhibit to an AF ground state). 

As compared to DCs, B cells are very poor APCs and play a major role as source for antibodies. Upon stimulation by antigens and in the presence of T cells at the border of the T-cell-B-cell area, adjacent to follicles, B cells become antibody-secreting cells and eventually form a germinal center (GC) response. GCs are specialized follicles for B-cell expansion, somatic hypermutation, and class switch recombination, processes that are regulated by T cells, follicular DCs, and other cells. In this process of B-cell maturation, Tregs seem to play a critical role, as in several immune diseases, which are characterized by aberrant antibody... 

Keywords stem cell expansion stem cell culture in vitro diffusion chambers... 

We currently established cultural system (amphycultural diffusion capsules) that allowed for conditions favorable for stem cell expansion in vitro. Many cell types and culture protocols and their combination with cytokines, growth factors, feeder layers can be implemented with ADC. Capsules are characterized by high perfusion rates that ensure that allow dilution of inhibitory autocrine factors and support long-term cell expansion. We have shown that ADC in vitro provides optimal cellular microenvironment that supports long term hematopoiesis (Bilko et al. 2005). 

Devine S., Lazarus Ft. and Emerson S. (2003) Clinical application of hematopoietic progenitor cells expansion current status and future prospects. Bone marrow transplantation 31, 241-252. 

Roller M., Manchel L, Maher R., Goltry K., Armstrong R., Smith A. (1998) Clinical scale human umbilical cord blood cell expansion in a novel automated perfusion culture system,. Bone marrow transplant. 21(7), 653-665. 

George Cacalano, John Lee, Karen Kikly Neutrophil and B Cell Expansion in Mice That Lack the Murine IL-8 Receptor Flomolog Science, 1994, 265(200), pp. 657-682... 

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