W-Butyl acetate

Behavioral thresholds for w-butyl acetate and n-butyl alcohol in the tiger salamander (Am6jito/na ft n BM/n) were 8.9 x 10 and 6.7 x 10 mol/1, respectively (Mason and Stevens, 1981b). The threshold for amyl acetate has been measured as 10 " mol/1 in frogs and 10 mol/1 in turtles (Enomoto etal., 1992). 

Dielectric constant (at 20°C) 37.8 Evaporation time (w-Butyl acetate = 1.0) 0.14... 

Figure 3.390. Ultrasonic degradation of cellulose nitrate [1150] (a) in ethyl acetate solution (b) in w-butyl acetate solution. (Frequency, 400 KHz power, 50 W).

Figure 12.11 Solubilities of carbamazepine and 19 different cocrystal formers in water (O), 2-propanol ( ), an equimolar mixture of acetic acid, acetone, -dioxane, DMF, DMSO, ethylene glycol, formic acid, sulfolane, and water O), an equimolar mixture of anisole, benzyl alcohol, 2-butanol, w-butyl acetate, butyronitrile, decalin, /7-dioxane, ethylene glycol, methyl isobutyl ketone, NMP, toluene, and water ( ), as well as ideal solubility values calculated from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data with the Schroder-van Laar equation (x). Part of the experimental solubility data are taken from Rager and Hilfiker (2010), see Further Reading, ref 24.

Three candidate acetates will be studied in detailed process simulations to demonstrate the factors needed to be considered in determining the suitable entrainer for this system. The three candidate acetates to be considered are ethyl acetate (Tanaka and Yamada and Siirola ), isobutyl acetate (iBuAc) (Costantini et al. and Patten and Ure ), and w-butyl acetate (Othmer °). The important experimental physical properties of these three acetates at atmospheric pressure are listed in Table 9.1. The azeotropic data are from Horsley and Gmehling, the VLB data are from Gmehling and Onken, with the VLB data for acetic acid-isobutyl acetate system from Christensen and Olson. " The binary and ternary BBB data are from Sprensen and Arlt. ... 

FIGURE 5.28 Selectivity of chaniresistor sensors. Airanganent of interdigital electrodes is shown at left. ACE, acetone MEK, 2-bntanone TCE, trichloroethylene IOC, isooctane DOX, 1,4-dioxane TOL, tolnene PCE, pachloroethylene BAC, w-butyl acetate CLB, chlorobenzene XYL, m-xylene. 

Fig. 3.34 The effect of changing the solvent on the mastication-degradation of polystyrene [36] (1) toluene (2) ethylene dichloride (3) methyl ethyl ketone (4) acetone (5) benzene (6) w-butyl acetate (7) carbon tetrachloride (8) 60/80°C petroleum ether. Conditions 30% by volume of solvent, plough scrolls at 120 rpm, mastication at 40 1°C under nitrogen in absence of added radical acceptor.

For azo compounds, i.e., azo dyes soluble in water, common solvent systems and untreated paper are used. As the componds have their own strong color, detection is no problem. However, a new problem is met, the substantivity of the dyes, i.e., their affinity toward cellulose. For simple azo dyes a sufficient number of suitable solvent systems can be found, but a number of dyes are only very slowly eluted from the start, so that for their chromatographic separation the solvent must be allowed to overrun, sometimes for several days. We also know that the quality of the paper has an influence on the separation, and in our case the paper Schleicher-Schiill 2045/B gl gave very good results. Among many suitable solvent systems, the following may be mentioned 5% ammonia with the addition of 2% of sodium citrate pyridine —water (8 2) n-butanol—ethanol—water (1 1 1) isoamyl alcohol—pyridine-ammonia (1 1 l) w-propanol —ammonia (2 l) /z-bu-tanol—formic acid (1 1) w-butyl acetate—pyridine—water (3 4 3) dimet-hylformamide—water (4 1) (or other ratios) and dimethylformamide—ammonia (4 1). 

For the chromatography of substantive dyes it is much more convenient to apply thin-layer chromatography on silica gel G (47), for example, in the following solvent systems n-propanol — ammonia (2 1), pyridine—w--amyl alcohol — ammonia (1 1 1), or w-butyl acetate—pyridine—water (2 2 1). 

The supported lanthanum salt is used in many catalytic reactions. X. Yang and L. Suo synthesized n-butyl acetate using the active carbon supported lanthanum sulfate as the catalyst. The ester yield could reach 97.5% and the quality of the product was quite good. The high activity of catalyst can be easily recovered [248]. W-butyl acetate is an important organic chemical. In industrial preparation process, the -butyl acetate is derived from the... 

Tables 4.2 and 4.3 show the degradation products of the polymeric isomeric butyl esters. It is apparent with the products of poly- -butylacrylate that the identification of n-butyl formate, w-butyl acetate, the saturated and unsaturated dimers extends the earlier reports of Grassie and co-workers [8]. The formation of w-butyl acetate is consistent with that of methyl acetate formation and is simple scission at the chain end and hydrogen addition.

An interesting application of lead tetra acetate is to the preparation of the otherwise dillioulty-accessible w-butyl glyoxylate (II) by oxidation of di-w-butyl d-tartrate (I) ... 

W-SA Previously identified alarm pheromone components that (a) change flight activity, (b) increase recruitment, or (c) help localize target Isopentyl acetate 91 (a,b,c),butan-l-ol 92 (b), hexyl acetate 95 (b),butyl acetate 93 (b,c), hexan-l-ol 94 (b,c),octan-l-ol 96 (b),octyl acetate 97 (c),nonan-2-ol 98 (a,b), benzyl acetate 99 (a) [151]... 

Glyoxal-sodium bisulfite, 30, 86 Glyoxylic acid, w-butyl ester, 35, 18 ethyl ester, diethyl acetal, 35, 59 Grignard reaction, addition to ethyl sec-butylidenecyanoacetate, 35, 7 allylmagnesium bromide with of,(3-di-bromoethyl ethyl ether, 36, 61 allylmagnesium chloride with a,/3-di-bromoethyl ethyl ether, 36, 63 ethylmagnesium bromide with tin tetrachloride, 36, 86... 

A typical elution profile the separation of saturated esters by gas-liquid chromatography 1. methyl formate 2. methyl acetate 3. ethyl formate 4. ethyl acetate 5. -propyl formate 6. iso-propyl acetate 7. w-butyl formate 8. sec-butyl acetate 9. iso-butyl acetate 10. n-butyl acetate... 

For the condensation with the properly derivatized lysine part (112) 3 -terf-butyl-1,5-di-Af-hydroxysuccinimidyl citrate (113) was used (Chart 10). It was prepared from 1,5-dimethyl citrate by reaction with ferf-butyl acetate, alkaline hydrolysis of the methyl ester and coupling with W-hydroxysuccinimide by DCCI (257). 

A suspension of 35 g. (0.153 mole) of 2- -acetylphenylhydro-quinone in 77 ml. of acetic anhydride is treated with 0.5 ml. of concentrated sulfuric acid (sp. gr. 1.84). The hydroquinone goes into solution immediately with the evolution of much heat. The dark-colored solution is allowed to stand at room temperature overnight then it is poured into 400 ml. of water. The acetylated material is collected by suction filtration and dried. The crude 2- -acetylphenylhydroquinone diacetate is distilled at reduced pressure (b.p. 236-241°/l mm. or 182-190°/0.1 mm.), and the hot distillate is poured into 20 ml. of w-butyl alcohol (Note 11). The product immediately separates as a colorless, crystalline... 

Aero wax. A hard, It brn synth wax, mp 95-7° sol in hot ale, toluol, butyl acetate or turpentine, si sol in mineral oil or mineral spirits, in sol in w. A brand name for products, including Acrawax B and Acrawax C, which are modifd fatty acid esters mfd by the Glyco Products Company, Brooklyn, NY. Waxes are used to desensitize expl with ca 10% incorporated in simple mixt or less is used when wax is applied as coating Its uses in Ordnance are given in some classified reports... 

Tribromo-2 4-diphenylselenophene, C16H9Br3Se, may b< obtained by direct bromination of 2 4-diphenylselenophene, usinj 1 5 grams of the latter to 10 grams of bromine in glacial acetic aci< solution, or by the action of bromine in the presence of water upo] 5-chloromercuri-2 4-diphenylselenophene. It separates from glacia acetic acid as transparent, pale straw-coloured needles, M.pt. 126 7° C (corr.), the yield by the first process being about 36 per cent. It dis solves in ethyl and w-butyl alcohols, acetone or ether, but is practicall insoluble in water. 

OB to C02 —261.23% light yel amorph powdr or lumps. Sol in mineral ac, amyl acetate, amyl ale, butyl acetate, eth, ligr and naphtha insol in w. Prepn is either by boiling Ca(OH)2 with rosin and filtering or by fusion of hydrated lime and melted rosin. The resinate is flammable and heats sponty (Refs 6 and 7). Its hygry is tabulated below as gain in mgs/g at RT after equil was established in static and vac desiccators (Ref 5)... 

In sub-FC, a detailed study of the influence of mobile phase additives on the chiral resolution of isoxazoline-based Ilb/IIIb receptor antagonists was carried out by Blackwell [145] on Chiralcel OD-H CSPs. The different mobile phase additives used were acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid, water, triethylamine, triethanolamine, n-hexylamine, trimethyl phosphate, and tri-w-butyl phosphate. In general, n-hexylamine and tri-/ -butyl phosphate mobile phase additives resulted in better resolution. The chiral separation of four 1,3-dioxolane derivatives on an amylose-based column has been described [151]. The effects of mobile phase composition, temperature, and pressure have been investigated. The nature of the modifier is the main parameter it has the highest impact on chiral resolution and is more important than the polarity of the mobile phase. Therefore, the organic modifier that gave the best enantiomeric separation was different for each compound. 

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