Electrodes interdigitated

Centre Fields may have thermal as well as direct electrical effects on cells. This chip is cultivated at 30 C, too cold for fibroblast growth. An electric field (50 kV/m) in the area of electrodes interdigitation warms this zone, taking it to a tolerable temperature. Cells near the electrodes are both more numerous than elsewhere and have the characteristic flattened shape. Cells further away have a more spherical, inactive form. 

Sung et al. [153,156] have described the fabrication and performance of prototype microcapacitors built with PPy and polythiophene electrodes. Interdigitated gold electrodes were patterned on silicon using standard photolithography, and the conducting polymers were then electropolymerized across them. The capacitor performance was evaluated with different polymer thicknesses and electrolytes. A snbseqnent development incorporated solid polymer electrolytes to prodnce a solid-state device [153], although the performance was diminished compared with devices operated in liquid electrolytes. 

A compound which is a good choice for an artificial electron relay is one which can reach the reduced FADH2 active site, undergo fast electron transfer, and then transport the electrons to the electrodes as rapidly as possible. Electron-transport rate studies have been done for an enzyme electrode for glucose (G) using interdigitated array electrodes (41). The following mechanism for redox reactions in osmium polymer—GOD biosensor films has... 

FIGURE 4-28 Schematic representation of an interdigitated microarray electrode (a) and closely-spaced microdisk electrodes (b). 

FIGURE 4-30 Cyclic voltammogram for ferrocene at a 3 pm width, 2 pm gap interdigitated microband (solid line). The dotted line represents the current of the collector electrode held at a potential of —0.1 V (Reproduced with permission from reference 95.)... 

FIG. 10 Current-voltage characteristics of polyanihiies LS films of 40 monolayers deposited on interdigitated electrodes (1) PANI, (2) POT, (3) POAS, (4) PEOA. 

Reactor 34 [R 34] Ceramic Micro Reactor with Interdigitated Electrodes... 

Reactor type Ceramic reactor with interdigitated electrodes Number of electrodes 20 anodes + 20 cathodes... 

Screen-prinling of platinum interdigitated band electrodes on a ceramic sheet 1 ... 

Interdigitated band electrode characteristics length = 29 mm, width = I m m and inter-elecirode gap width =500 pm... 

Figure 4.34 Schematic of the assembly for the ceramic micro reactor with interdigitated electrodes [70].

P 42] Typically, a flow rate of 150 pi min was used [71]. A 0.1 M furan solution containing 0.1 M NaCl04 and 5 mM NaBr was used as reaction medium. Reaction was carried out at room temperature. Interdigitated band electrodes with 100 pm wide gaps and 500 pm band widths were tested in a 800 pm deep Perspex micro reactor. 

AFID = alkali-flame ionization detection FID = flame ionization detection FPD = flame photometric detection GC = gas chromatography IGEFET = interdigitated gate electrode field-effect transistor ITMS = ion trap mass spectrometry MIMS = multiphoton ionization mass spectrometry MS = mass spectrometry... 

Brothers CP. 1990. Evaluation of an interdigitated gate electrode field-effect transistor for detecting organophosphorus compounds. Wright-Patterson AFB, OH Air Force Institute of Technology. NTISNo. AD-A23 0-161. 

Kolesar ES, Wiseman JM. 1989. Interdigitated gate electrode field effect transistor for the selective detection of nitrogen dioxide and diisopropyl methylphosphonate. Anal Chem 61(21) 2355. 

A poly(aniline boronic acid)-based conductimetric sensor for dopamine consisting of an interdigitated microarray electrode coated with poly(aniline boronic acid) has also been developed by the Fabre team. The sensor was found to show a reversible chemoresistive response to dopamine without interference by ascorbic acid from their mixtures.42... 

J.H. Thomas, S.K. Kim, P.J. Hesketh, H.B. Halsall, and W.R. Heineman, Microbead-based electrochemical immunoassay with interdigitated array electrodes. Anal. Biochem. 328,113-122 (2004). 

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