Vitamin hawthorn

Abrams, S. A., Griffin, I. J., Hawthorne, K. M., Chen, Z., Gunn, S. K., Wilde, M., Darlington, G., Shypailo, R. J., and Ellis, K. J. (2005a). Vitamin D receptor Fokl polymorphisms affect calcium absorption, kinetics, and bone mineralization rates during puberty. JBMR 20, 945-953. 

Various h bs and supplements such as hawthorn extracts garlic, onion, ginkgo biloba, vitamin and aspirin, maybe used by herbalists for hypertension. Although these sub ances may lo w blood pressure in some individuals their use is not recommended because the fect is ight and usually too gentle to affect mod ate to sev e hypertension. Howev, several studies have demonstrated that hypertensive patients may benefit from daily doses of calcium (800 mg) or magnesium (300 mg). Patients should consult the primary health care provid before taking any h bal remedy. 

Numerous diets have been tested. The best results in A. japonicus were obtained when adults were fed 200-400 g kg protein with 20 g kg lipid (Seo and Lee, 2011). Various elements like soya beans,ground macrophytes, fish meals, mud, lees, yeast and bran are used in combination with mineral and vitamin supplements [developed for A. japonicus in China (Hulling et ah, 2004)]. Some facilities also use a supplement of Algamac (Bio-Marine, Inc., Aquafauna, Hawthorne, CA, USA), or residues from moribund phytoplankton cultures. Finally, the broodstock tanks should receive high quality water,preferably unfiltered, and be located to receive some sunlight and moonlight. When reared in covered tanks, I. fuscus was demonstrated to interrupt its natural lunar spawning cycle (Mercier et al., 2007). 

Abrams SA, Hawthorne KM, Chen Z. Supplementation with 1000 lU vitamin D/d leads to parathyroid hormone suppression, but not increased fractional calcium absorption, in 4-8-y-old children a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Am J din Nutr January 2013 97(l) 217-23. 

A typical hawthorne fruit (in this case C pubescens of Latin America) is moderately high in calories (89 kcal per 100 g) and carbohydrates (24%). It is a good source of fiber, iron, potassium, and vitamin C, and a fair source of vitamin A. 

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