Viscoelastic and rheological propertie

Measurement of viscoelastic and rheological properties of polymers are of increasing importance and recently developed instrumentation for measuring these properties discussed in Chapter 15 includes dynamic mechanical analysis, thermo-mechanical analysis... 

Some of the viscoelastic and rheological properties of polymers that can be measured by DMA are [1, 2] ... 

Basically this technique involves the measurement of the mechanical response of a polymer as it is deformed under periodic stress and is used to characterise the viscoelastic and rheological properties of polymers. 

This technique has been used to measure the following mechanical properties of polymers in addition to those discussed in Sections 13.2 (transitions [63]), 15.2 (viscoelastic and rheological properties [64]), 16.1 (coefficient of expansion), and 16.4 (heat deflection temperature) ... 

This technique has found the following applications in addition to those discussed in Sections 10.1 (resin cure studies on phenol urethane compositions) [65], 12.2 (photopolymer studies [66-68]), and 13.3 (phase transitions in PE) [66], Chapter 15 (viscoelastic and rheological properties), and Section 16.4 (heat deflection temperatures) epoxy resin-amine system [67], cured acrylate-terminated unsaturated copolymers [68], PE and PP foam [69], ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymers [70], natural rubbers [71, 72], polyester-based clear coat resins [73], polyvinyl esters and unsaturated polyester resins [74], polyimide-clay nanocomposites [75], polyether sulfone-styrene-acrylonitrile, PS-polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) blends and PS-polytetrafluoroethylene PMMA copolymers [76], cyanate ester resin-carbon fibre composites [77], polycyanate epoxy resins [78], and styrenic copolymers [79]. 

Dynamic mechanical analysis provides putative information on the viscoelastic and rheological properties (modulus and damping) of materials. Viscoelasticity is the characteristic behavior of most materials in which a combination of elastic properties (stress proportional to strain rate) is observed. Dynamic mechanical analysis simultaneously measures the elastic properties (modulus) and viscous properties (damping) of materials. 

Particular applications of the techniques in studies of the viscoelastic and rheological properties of unreinforced polymers are reviewed in Table 2.7. 

Doi M. Viscoelastic and rheological properties. In Materials Science and Technology, vol. 12, Structure and Properties ofPolymers, E.L. Thomas, ed. Weinheim, New York, Basel, Cambridge VCH, 1993, pp. 391 25... 

Other thermally based techniques, which have been developed in recent years include thermal volatilisation (Chapter 5), dynamic mechanical analysis (Chapter 8), thermomechanical analysis (Chapter 9), microthermal analysis (Chapter 10) and dielectric thermal analysis (Chapter 12). These have been used in phase transition studies, resin cure, modulus measurement, stress-strain studies, viscoelastic and rheological properties, morphology, topography, mechanical and thermal properties. 

Aromatic hb polyamides have been used to modify the thermal, dielectric, viscoelastic, and rheological properties of linear polyamides [253, 254]. The characteristic architecture of these macromolecules makes them interesting candidates as a blend component with commercial linear polymers. A hb poly(ether amide) was blended with commercially available polyamide-6 (PA6) by Huber et al. [255] and Clausnitzer and coworkers [256]. The complex melt viscosity of the new materials was reduced, even at small amounts of the hb polymer, whereas the... 

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