Virus animal, composition

The unique Hyp residue may be important both at the molecular and higher-order structure levels in collagen. Bacteria and viruses lack prolyl hydroxylase and have no hydroxyproline in their collagen-like domains. The significant differences in their amino acid composition and sequence compared to animal collagens suggest the use of alternative stabilization strategies for the triple helix (Rasmussen et al., 2003). 

Viruses contain either RNA or DNA, and this nucleic acid composition forms the basis for their classification. Although viruses are known to infect bacteria, insects, plants, animals, and humans, this discussion is restricted to the important viruses of vertebrates. The relevant viruses are summarized in Table 2, using the nomenclature and taxonomy recommended by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (4,5). 

Green, M. 1969. Chemical composition of animal viruses. In The Biochemistry of Virsuses, Levy, H. B., ed.. New York and London, Marcel Dekker, pp. 1-54. 

Polyamines, such as spermine, spermidine, putrescine, cadaverine, are natural substances widely distributed in vegetable, animal and bacterial cells. They enter in the composition of bacterial viruses. They have a wide range of effects, but they are difficult to localize within the cell and their physiological significance is not understood very well. In animal cells and sera there exists a diamineoxidase which converts spermine into highly cytotoxic compounds, and many effects seen in tissue cultures are attributed to these substances. 

The chemical composition of animal and bacterial viruses, unlike that of plant viruses, has been a vexing subject because of question about the purity of the preparations and because of the small amounts of... 

The composition of many animal viruses is much more complex than that of the simplest plant viruses, and their morphogenesis consists of a large number of stages. Despite their complexity, the RNA of these viruses, like that of plant viruses, possesses infectivity, i. e., the whole program of intracellular development is contained in the virus RNA mol-e cule. 

The group of DNA-containing viruses of animals is exceptionally varied in its special composition, morphology, and cycles of development. It includes comparatively simple viruses from the biochemical point of view, such as the polyhedrosis viruses of insects, and extremely complex forms, such as the virus of smallpox. The morphological structure of one of the largest viruses of this group, the virus of human smallpox, is shown in Fig. 14. 

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