Virilism

Folic acid deficiency Hyperthermia Phenylketonuria Rheumatic disease Virilizing tumors Drugs and chemicals Androgenic chemicals Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Captopril, enalapril Antibiotics... 

In women receiving an androgen preparation for breast carcinoma, the most common adverse reactions are amenorrhea, other menstrual irregularities, and virilization (acquisition of male sexual characteristics by a woman). Virilization produces facial hair, a deepening of the voice, and enlargement of the clitoris. Male pattern baldness and acne may also be seen. 

Virilization in the woman is the most common reaction associated with anabolic steroids, especially when higher doses are used. Acne occurs frequently in all age groups and both sexes. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fluid and electrolyte imbalances (the same as for the androgens, discussed previously), testicular atrophy,... 

D Disturbed Body Image (in the female) related to adverse reactions (virilization)... 

The nurse observes the patient each day for adverse drug reactions especially signs of fluid and electrolyte imbalance, jaundice (which may indicate hepatotoxicity), and virilization. The primary health care provider must be alerted to any sgns of fluid and electrolyte imbalance or jaundice. 

Notify the primary healtii care provider if any of die following occur nausea, vomiting, swelling of die legs, or jaundice Women should report any signs of virilization to the primary health care provider. 

Female patients Notify the primary health care provider if signs of virilization occur. 

Paresthesia, glossitis, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, maculopapular erythema, aches, edema of the extremities, nail growth disturbances, increase in blood pressure, virilization... 

Cushing s disease and adrenal carcinomas cause adrenal androgen hypersecretion in high enough concentrations to result in signs of androgen excess (such as acne, menstrual irregularities, and hirsutism) and cause virilization in women.4... 

Virilization Production or acquisition of virilism, which is a masculine characteristic. 

The virilizing and estrogenic adverse effects of these products are listed in Table 3-4. Patients using them should be evaluated within 1 to 2 months of initiation and then every 3 to 6 months thereafter. 

Adverse effects from excessive dosage include virilization, fluid retention, and potentially adverse lipoprotein lipid effects, which are more likely with oral administration. 

Panel 9 Who Are the Aryans —Ideal Aryan would be slender, long headed, blond, and virile, making references thereto by Hitler, Goe-ring and Goebbels utterly ridiculous. 

Anabolics are testosterone derivatives (e.g., clostebol, metenolone, nan-drolone, stanozolol) that are used in debilitated patients, and misused by athletes, because of their protein anabolic effect. They act via stimulation of androgen receptors and, thus, also display androgenic actions (e.g., virilization in females, suppression of spermatogenesis). 

Virilization Observe women for signs of virilization (deepening voice, hirsutism, acne, clitoromegaly, and menstrual irregularities). Discontinue therapy at the time of evidence of mild virilism to prevent irreversible virilization. 

Females - Amenorrhea and other menstrual irregularities inhibition of gonadotropin secretion and virilization, including deepening voice and clitoral enlargement. 

Androgenic effects Androgenic effects may not be reversible even when the drug is discontinued. Watch patients closely for signs of virilization. 

The anabolic steroids can cause serious adverse reactions including tumorigenesis, testicular atrophy with decreased spermatogenesis and in women virilization. Anabolic steroid abuse in sports where excessive doses are used, is associated with among others hepatotoxicity. 

Androgens produce both virilizing and protein anabolic actions (Table 63.1). The virilizing actions of testosterone include irreversible effects that occur during em-bryogenesis, that is, those that induce differentiation of the central nervous system and male reproductive tracts, and the excitatory actions at puberty that are... 

Testicular failure may occur before puberty and present as delayed puberty and the eunuchoid phenotype, or after puberty, with the development of infertility, impotence, or decreased libido in otherwise fully virilized males. The source of hypogonadism can be testicular, as occurs in primary hypogonadism, or it may result from abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, as in secondary hypogonadism. 

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