Vinyl polystyrene

Various other diesters, mixed esters, and polyesters of trimethylpentanediol are useful as monomeric or polymeric plasticizers for coatings and plastic film and sheeting (49). They are compatible with, and useful ia, ceUulosics, vinyls, polystyrenes, and some other plastics. 

S-BmvS Polystyrene 1,2-Polybutadiene (medium vinyl) Polystyrene Poly(ethylene-co- butylene) Thermally and oxidatively stable... 

Tosylate is displaced by weak oxyanions with little elimination in aprotic solvents, providing alternative routes to polymer-bound esters and aryl ethers. Alkoxides, unfortunately, give significant functional yields of (vinyl)polystyrene under the same conditions. Phosphines and sulfides can also be prepared from the appropriate anions (57), the latter lipophilic enough for phase-transfer catalysis free from poisonning by released tosylate. 

Deliberate production of (vinyl)polystyrene from (toluenesul-foxyethyl)polystyrene or (haloethyl)polystyrenes was best accomplished by quaternization with N,N-dimethylaminoethanol, followed by treatment with base beta-deprotonation is encouraged in the cyclic zwitterionic intermediate. Reaction was faster and cleaner than with other reagents recommended (64, 76, 77) for eliminations, such as alkoxide, diazabicycloundecene or quaternary ammonium hydroxide this new and efficient procedure may find application elsewhere. Hydrometallation or other additions to polymer-bound olefin may prove useful steps in future syntheses by polymer modification. 

Vinyl polystyrene, production from (toluenesulfoxyethyl) polystyrene, 30 Vinyl units, protective effect in 1,4- and 1,2-polybutadienes, 351... 

Table 2 presents the results of tests to measure the calorific power, ash content, and chlorides concentration of some of the materials obtained from the separation process, such as polystyrene, aluminum foil, plastic foam, and other plastics (general, clear, colored, black, and vinyl). Polystyrene and clear plastic have very high calorific power and low levels of chlorides, but polystyrene has very high ash content. Figures 10-17 present the samples of waste components from the separation and composting plant of Cantagalo. 

Efficient Procedure for the Preparation of (Vinyl)polystyrene Resin, C. Sylvain, A. Wagner, C. Mioskowski, Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 9679-9680. 

ROMP-Spheres A Novel High-Loading Polymer Support Using Cross Metathesis between Vinyl Polystyrene and Norbor-nene Derivatives, A. G.M. Barrett,... 

Chloromethyl polystyrene can be converted to a free-radical initiator by reaction with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpipcridinc-/V-oxyl (TEMPO). Radical polymerization of various substituted alkenes on this resin has been used to prepare new types of polystyrene-based supports [123]. Alternatively, cross-linked vinyl polystyrene can be copolymerized with functionalized norbornene derivatives by ruthenium-mediated ringopening metathesis polymerization [124],... 

Support-bound boranes have been prepared by hydroboration of vinyl polystyrene with 9-BBN, and used as intermediates for the preparation of hydroxyethyl polystyrene (Figure 4.5 [32]) and alkylated polystyrenes [33]. Hydroboration of vinyl poly-... 

Some strategies used for the preparation of support-bound thiols are listed in Table 8.1. Oxidative thiolation of lithiated polystyrene has been used to prepare polymeric thiophenol (Entry 1, Table 8.1). Polystyrene functionalized with 2-mercaptoethyl groups has been prepared by radical addition of thioacetic acid to cross-linked vinyl-polystyrene followed by hydrolysis of the intermediate thiol ester (Entry 2, Table 8.1). A more controllable introduction of thiol groups, suitable also for the selective transformation of support-bound substrates, is based on nucleophilic substitution with thiourea or potassium thioacetate. The resulting isothiouronium salts and thiol acetates can be saponified, preferably under reductive conditions, to yield thiols (Table 8.1). Thiol acetates have been saponified on insoluble supports with mercaptoethanol [1], propylamine [2], lithium aluminum hydride [3], sodium or lithium borohydride, alcoholates, or hydrochloric acid (Table 8.1). 

THE PREPARATION AND FUNCTIONALISATION OF (VINYL)POLYSTYRENE POLYHIPE. SHORT ROUTES TO BINDING FUNCTIONAL GROUPS THROUGH A DIMETHYLENE SPACER... 

The present work reports such an approach with the synthesis of (vinyl)polystyrene polyHIPEs and their functionalisation by free radical addition of thiols to the remaining unsaturations. The interest of such materials is proven by the presentation of an application of a thiol functional support in free radical reduction of alkyl halides. 

The functionalisation by thiols was performed as follows Small cubes of (vinyl)polystyrene polyHIPE [3.00 mmol C=C/g (1 g, 3 mmol C=C)] were impregnated with toluene by freeze-drying under vacuum and suspended in toluene (20 mL). The thiol (8 mmol), AIBN (5 mg, l%mol. / C=C) were then added. The suspension was heated at 70°C for 48 h. The polymer was filtered off, extracted with acetone overnight on a Soxlet apparatus and dried in vaccum at 60°C, overnight. 

Fig.l. Scanning electron micrograph of (vinyl)polystyrene polyHIPE. 

Scheme 3 Functionalisation of (vinyl)polystyrene polyHIPE by thiols (numerical data are the functionalisation levels in mmol/g).

A number of researchers have heterogenized olefin metathesis active complexes in polymers containing pendant vinyl groups via different methodologies. Barrett and coworkers formed (278) via reaction of (3a) with a lightly cross-linked solvent swellable vinylated polystyrene or Merrifield resin to form a bead-snpported catalyst that conld be directly compared to their previonsly reported similarly supported (2a) (279) (Scheme 24). Results from this study are described in Table 12. 

Hydrosilylation. The cobalt-catalyzed hydrosilylation of (vinyl)polystyrene with Me2Si(H)Cl furnishes a supported chlorosilane which can be used to silylate a primary alcohol in the presence of secondary hydroxy group, permitting manipulation at the latter site. The detachment of the modified product is accomplished by HF. 

First 1930-1950 Vinyls, polystyrenes, acrylics, epoxies, phenolics Low density and ease of processing for applications in packaging, paints, coatings, laminates, and adhesives... 

Polymers polyolefins, vinyls, polystyrene, polyester, melamine, and terephthalic acid... 

Blister packaging n. The enclosing of articles in thermoformed, transparent bhsters shaped to more or less fit the contours of the articles. The preformed blisters, usually slightly oversized to provide ample room, are made of thermoplastics such as vinyl, polystyrene, or cellulosic plastics. They are placed inverted in fixtures and loaded with the articles, and then cards coated with an adhesive are applied and sealed to the flanges between and around the blisters by means of heat and pressure. 

Chlorinated paraffin (chlorocosane) n. Any of a family of yellow to light amber liquids produced by chlorinating a paraffin oil, with uses as secondary plasticizers for vinyls, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, and coumarone-indene resins. Chlorinated paraffins also impart flame resistance to polyolefins, polystyrene, PVC, natural rubber, and unsaturated polyester resins. 

Another solid-support Suzuki coupling is the hydroboration of vinyl polystyrene with 9-BBN in THF to provide [29] polymer supported borane. This borane is coupled to give different aryl, vinyl, or alkyl iodides. Pd(OAc)2 is employed as the catalyst for aryl iodides and PdCl2(dppf) in other cases to yield the coupled adduct in 55-85% yield (Scheme 31.7) on the basis of the mass of the product cleaved or by comparison with IR integration to standards. 

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