Vinyl amide

Other fairly recent commercial products, poly(vinyl amine) and poly(vinyl amine vinyl alcohol), have addressed the need for primary amines and their selective reactivity. Prior efforts to synthesize poly(vinyl amine) have been limited because of the difficulty hydrolyzing the intermediate polymers. The current product is prepared from /V-ethenylformamide (20) formed from the reaction of acetaldehyde and formamide. The vinyl amide is polymerized with a free-radical initiator, then hydrolyzed (eq. 7). 

A number of synthetic polymers having the abHity to control filtration rates at high temperature and in the presence of calcium and magnesium have also been developed (88). Such materials include vinyl sulfonate—vinyl amide copolymers (89,90), a copolymer of AMPS and A/,A/-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide (91) and a sulfonated hydroxylated polymer (92). AppHcation levels for these materials range from 5 to 18 kg/m (2—6 lb /bbl). Sulfonated asphalt is also used for high temperature filtration control. 

AJ-Vlayl polymers may be used for the preparation of semiconductors (qv). Derivatives of others have biological activity, eg, a derivative of 2-phenyl-1-vinylpyrrole, 2-phen54-l-(proparg54oxyethyl)pyrrole, stimulates motor activity andiacreases excitation, etc (42) (see Vinyl polymers, M-vinyl amides). 

The INAS reaction of to-vinyl amides proceeds as shown in Eq. 9.42 to afford cyclopropylamine derivatives [77]. The reaction with cyclic imides derived from ovinylamines, furnishing acylaminal derivatives, was also found to proceed smoothly (Eq. 9.43) [78]. 

Synonyms AAM Acrylamide monomer Acrylic acid amide Acrylic amide AI3-04119 Amresco acryl-40 BRN 0605349 CCRiS 7 EiNECS 201473-7 Ethylene carboxamide NSC 7785 Optimum Propenamide 2-Propenamide Propenoic acid amide RCRA waste number U007 UN 2074 Vinyl amide. 

Synonyms Acrylic amide propenamide ethylenecarboxamide vinyl amide... 

A new route to 4-substituted pyrimidines involves the condensation of nitriles with iV-vinyl amides which are activated by trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride and 2-chloropyridine <2006JA14254>. The method is illustrated by the synthesis of 4-cyclohexyl-2,5-diphenylpyrimidine 627 from A-styrylbenzamide 625 and cyclohexanecarboni-trile 626 in 89% yield <2006JA14254>. 

VP copolymenzation [VINYL POLYMERS - N-VINYL AMIDE POLYMERS] (Vol 24)... 

Imines derived from enolizable aliphatic aldehydes are well known to lead to IV-vinyl amides. The reaction of such aldehydes with MSMA gave A-vinyl amides in low yields.259... 

Similarly, the SMA framework of /V-vinyl amide is not affected during hydration of the double bond.238... 

A series of aryl and alkyl vinyl amides can also be prepared in good to excellent yields by this method.95 137... 

Even a,(3-unsaturated amides lead to the corresponding vinyl amides obtained as Z + E mixtures where the Z isomer is the major isomer.95... 

However, in the presence of a catalytic amount of tris(dimethylamino)sulfonium difluorotrimethylsilicate ( TASF ), pivaldehyde imine yields the N-unsubstituted adduct, whereas acetone imine leads to the corresponding BSMA amides accompanied with the addition product of THF to DMAD. Formation of amides might be explained by the loss of HC1 from the iminium resulting from condensation of acyl chloride with imine, leading to a vinyl amide which is easily hydrolyzed. No explanation was presented for the formation of the THF adduct.241... 

SYNS ACRYLIC AMIDE AKRYLAMID (CZECH) AMID KYSELINY AKRYLOVE ETHYLENECARBOXAMIDE PROPENAMIDE 2-PROPENAMIDE RCRA WASTE NUMBER U007 VINYL AMIDE... 

VINYL ALCOHOL POLYMER see PKP750 VINYL AMIDE see ADS250 VINYL A MONOMER see VLU250 VINYLBENZEN (CZECH) see SMQOOO... 

The methoxylation of A-ethyl carboxamides has been studied especially intensively, as the produced A-(a-methoxyethyl)amides may be transformed to the technically interesting vinyl amides by methanol elimination [209]. Glassy carbon anodes together with graphite or steel cathodes and tetramethylammonium methyl sulfate as conducting salt proved to be the best conditions. Alternatively, the SPE cell using Nafion as polyelectrolyte is practicable [218,219]. 

The (+)-13a-hydroxyaphyllidine structure was proposed on the basis of the C15H22N2O2 molecular formula determined by HRMS, IR absorptions at 3270, 1635 and 1560 cm (suggesting the presence of hydroxyl, lactam and ethylene functions), and also of the UV spectrum which indicates a vinyl amide group (A ax 239 nm). The position of the hydroxyl group was assessed by comparison of the C NMR data of (+)-13a-hydroxyaphyllidine and aphyllidine, which showed similar resonances for the carbon atoms of rings A, B, and C, and also by... 

VINYL AMIDE (79-06-1) Combustible solid. Fine particles form an explosive mixture with air. Thermally unstable. Unless inhibited, UV light, oxidizers, peroxides, vinyl polymerization initiators, or elevated temperatures (above melting point of 184°F/85°C) can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with reducing agents, mineral acids, strong acids, oleum, ammonia, isocyanates. 

Branching for the phenyl derivative was proposed to proceed via alkylation of the phenyl ring or formation of vinyl amide or propenyl amide linkage. However, high-molecular-weight polymer was synthesized recently from 2-phenyl-OXL38) at... 

The polyacrylate polymers and a derivative of a vinyl acetate maleic anhydride copolymer cause V30 to decrease monotonically with increasing polymer concentration, similar to the CMC polymers (Figure 46). The polymers PVA and poly(vinyl pyridinium) (PVP) hydrochloride markedly increased V30 at low concentration at concentrations above 1 g of polymer per gram of added bentonite PVA functions as a static fluid loss additive. The maximum in the API fluid loss at low PVA concentrations approximately coincides with the maximum in the yield stress and plastic viscosity found by Heath and Tadros (75). The increased static fluid loss is consistent with Heath and Tadros s conclusion that bentonite is flocculated by low concentrations of PVA. The concentration of PVA required to decrease V30 below that of the neat bentonite suspension is significantly larger than the concentration of CMC, where effective static fluid loss control can be achieved at polymer bentonite weight ratios of about 0.1 g/g. More effective fluid loss control has been achieved with other synthetic polymers such as poly(vinyl sulphonate)-poly(vinyl amide) copolymer (40) and other sulphonated polymers (39). 

SYNONYMS Acrylic amide, ethylenecarboxamide, propenamide, 2-propenamide, pro-penoic acid amide, vinyl amide. 

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