Vegetable turpentine

Vegetable turpentine was an ingredient in rubefacients such as Sloan s liniment. Allergic contact dermatitis to turpentine has been thoroughly investigated by Pirila and co-workers (e.g., Pirila et al. 1969). 

Tall oil [8002-26-4] has been referred to as the largest and fastest growing source of extractives such as turpentine and resin. It can be refined to give tall oil fatty acids (see Carboxylic acids) and tall oil pitch as well as resins. These fatty acids compete with fatty acids from vegetable sources for many of the same industrial markets. 

Hatchett treated various kinds of wood, coal, and coke with nitric acid and found that a substance very analogous to tannin. . . may at any time be produced by exposing carbonaceous substances, whether vegetable, animal, or mineral, to the action of nitric acid. He also converted skin into leather by means of materials which, to professional men, must appear extraordinary, such as deal sawdust, asphaltum, common turpentine, pit coal, wax candle, and a piece of the same sort of skin.. . . ... 

Schilling, PicArsn private communication (i960) Arnoudts Explosive. A blasting expl contg K chlorate 60 sugar 40% with added turpentine 2, vegetable tar 2 K permanganate. 00125 parts... 

KC103 60, sugar 40, turpentine 2, vegetable tar 2 KMn04 0.00125ps)... 

Veneer, plywood Rosin, turpentine Gases not petroleum Cottonseed oil Linseed oil Vegetable oils, n.o.s. Rubber, crude Rubber goods, n.o.s. Chemicals, n.o.s. 

There are two marketed ingredients which are not available as kosher natural cognac oil and wine fusel oil. All fruits and vegetables (except from Israel) are kosher, all steam distilled essential oils, spices, inorganic compounds, most FD C colors, petrochemicals, and all turpentine derivatives are kosher Ingredients that are, or can be derived from, grape are very sensitive for kosher. This impacts juices, vinegars, and some alcohols. 

Further renewable resources that occur only in smaller amounts are often summarized as vegetable secretions and extracts. Waxes, natural rubber, colophony, turpentine oils, herbal dyes, and essential oils are important examples. 

The essential oils, of which oil of turpentine is an example, are vegetable oils used in many cases as perfumes. There are three methods of winning the essential oils (1) by distillation with steam (2) by pressure of the plant substance and (3) by extraction... 

There is an important difference between spontaneous combustion and auto-ignition spontaneous combustion can start at ambient temperature when conditions are right. For example, vegetable oils, turpentine, and other pine tar derivatives used in paints oxidize very rapidly. If this process is allowed to occur in a protected space with air circulation, such as a pile of oily, paint-saturated rags in a corner, or clothes locker, enough heat can be generated to cause spontaneous combustion. Prompt and safe disposal of these materials is an important safeguard to avoid fires. 

Gum turpentine. See Turpentine Guncotton. See Nitrocellulose Gunther Pro-Tein 1550. See Hydrolyzed vegetable protein... 

Velvetol NYS. See Silicone emulsion Venetian turpentine. See Arabinogalactan VenPure AF Caplets, VenPure AF Gran., VenPure Powd.. See Sodium borohydride Veocal 6000 HL. See Vegetable oil Veoceal 1311, Veoceal 2100. See Si I i co ne emulsion... 

Environment Chlorine is toxic to aquatic life even in low concentrations and harmful to animals and vegetation. When moist, chlorine win react with many metals, e g., brass, copper, aluminum, water, and turpentine. 

Processes and products developed to produce industrial materials from renewable resources have been too numerous to record here. For competitive reasons — supply of raw materials and technical and economic considerations — some of the products have varied widely in industrial use. Major U.S. industrial consumption of renewable resources have recently included oils and fats (animal and vegetable) industrial alcohol (wheat, corn, grain sorghum) fibers (cotton lint, flax, hides and skins) paper (forest products) isolated proteins (milk casein, animal glues, soybean, corn) turpentine and rosin (naval stores) and other chemicals (monosodiiim glutamate--wheat starch and dextrin—corn lactose—milk molasses and pulp residues --sugarcane and beet tannin lecithin pectin furfural). 

A number of bicyclic hydrocarbons are present in turpentine, and also as components of fruits, vegetables and spices (8-6). A frequently occurring compound is sabinene, also known as thujene or 4(10)-thujene (which is found in higher concentrations in the essential oil of black pepper), car-3-ene (A -carene), a-pinene (2-pinene), P-pinene, also known as 2(10)-pinene, nopinene or pseudopinene and camphene. Trivial and systematic names of the main compounds are Ksted in Table 8.2. 

Analysis of individual forms is also important to determine the authenticity of foods or essential oils. The presence of certain forms, such as the geometrical (E)-isomers, is often evaluated as an off-flavour. For example, (-F)-(E)-Hmonene (8-5) is a natural component of citrus essential oils and has a citrus smell like oranges. The isomer (-)-(S)-limonene (8-5), which is the main component of essential oils of silver fir Abies alba, Pinaceae), other conifers and various types of mints Mentha spp.), has a smell reminiscent of turpentine. The alcohol (-)-(E)-Hnalool, also known as licareol (8-18) has a strong woody smeU like lavender, but (-F)-(S)-isomer, also known as coriandrol (8-18) has a sweet smell with lavender tones. Another alcohol (-)-(E)-oct-l-en-3-ol (8-16), has an intense smell of fresh mushrooms, but (-F)-(S)-isomer (8-16) has a smell resembling vegetables with faint mushroom notes. The ketone (-)-(E)-carvone (8-50) has a mint-like smell (and is the main component of spearmint essential oil), while its isomer (-F)-(S)-... 

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