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Vasopressor ephedrine

Ephedrine has positive inotropic and chronotropic effects and increases peripheral vascular resistance. It is preferable to methoxamine for maintaining blood pressure in elderly patients during spinal anaesthesia, possibly because it has less effect on coronary blood flow (less pronounced a activity). It is also less likely to impair placental blood flow than some other vasopressors, for the same reason. It is used as a bronchodilator because of its 32-agonist effects. [Pg.155]

Local anesthetics block the sodium channels, are cardiac depressants, and bring about a ventricular conduction defect and block that may progress to cardiac and ventilatory arrest if toxic doses are given. In addition, these agents produce arteriolar dilation. Circulatory failure may be treated with vasopressors such as ephedrine, metaraminol (Aramine), or mephentermine (Wyamine). Artificial respiration and cardiac massage may also become necessary. Among the local anesthetics, only cocaine blocks the uptake of norepinephrine, causes vasoconstriction, and may precipitate cardiac arrhythmias. [Pg.258]

Ephedrine sulfate, Kondon s Nasal, Pretz-D, or Vicks Vatronol is classified as a decongestant and vasopressor. [Pg.311]

The contraindications to ephedrine are angle-closure glaucoma, patients anesthetized with cyclopropane or halothane, cases in which vasopressor drugs are contraindicated (e.g., thyrotoxicosis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension during pregnancy), or treatment with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor therapy. [Pg.311]

Hypotension can be prevented or treated with vasopressors and/or fluids (SED-12, 254) (SEDA-18, 143) (181-183). A comparison of these approaches showed that ephedrine alone is less effective than ephedrine and colloid (184), and metaraminol, with or without colloid, is better than colloid alone (185). [Pg.2133]

In 19 healthy parturients undergoing elective cesarean section who were to phenylephrine or ephedrine as a prophylactic infusion supplemented with minor boluses if systolic arterial pressure fell by more than 10 mmHg, both the vasopressors restored maternal arterial pressure effectively [25 J. Ephedrine had no significant effects on Doppler velocimetry but phenylephrine infusion significantly increased the blood flow velocity waveform indices in the uterine and placental arcuate arteries and reduced vascular resistance significantly in the fetal renal arteries. However, healthy... [Pg.237]

Intramuscular vasopressors were evaluated in 108 patients undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of phenylephrine 2 or 4 mg and ephedrine 45 mg, all given immediately after induction of spinal anesthesia [28 ]. Hypotension was defined as a 25% reduction in mean arterial pressure. Rescue intravenous boluses of ephedrine were given for hypotension, nausea, vomiting, or dizziness. Phenylephrine 4 mg was more effective in preventing hypotension than phenylephrine 2 mg or ephedrine and reduced mean arterial pressure more than phenylephrine 2 mg. [Pg.237]

In a randomized, double-blind comparison of boluses of phenylephrine 100 micrograms and ephedrine 10 mg for hypotension (systolic blood pressure below lOOmmHg) in 204 patients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, umbilical arterial and venous pH and base excess were similar in the two groups [32 ]. In those who received ephedrine umbilical arterial and venous lactate concentrations were slightly higher and more patients had nausea or vomiting (13% versus 3.9%). Clinical neonatal outcomes were similar. The authors concluded that phenylephrine and ephedrine are both suitable vasopressors for use in non-elective cesarean sections. [Pg.238]

In a randomized, double-blind, controlled comparison of bolus intravenous phenylephrine 100 micrograms and ephedrine 5 mg in maintaining arterial blood pressure during elective section under spinal anesthesia in 62 healthy parturients, both vasopressors restored the systolic and diastolic pressures the mean Apgar scores were similar in the two groups [37 "]. [Pg.238]


See other pages where Vasopressor ephedrine is mentioned: [Pg.721]    [Pg.147]    [Pg.276]    [Pg.276]    [Pg.147]    [Pg.311]    [Pg.313]    [Pg.315]    [Pg.317]    [Pg.317]    [Pg.1038]    [Pg.10]    [Pg.1246]    [Pg.115]    [Pg.147]    [Pg.584]    [Pg.99]    [Pg.100]    [Pg.891]    [Pg.892]    [Pg.236]    [Pg.240]    [Pg.1225]    [Pg.1232]    [Pg.127]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.311 , Pg.312 , Pg.313 , Pg.314 , Pg.315 , Pg.316 , Pg.317 ]




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