Plague vaccination

Prophylaxis For asymptomatic patients exposed to plague aerosol, or to a patient with suspected pneumonic plague, provide doxycycline at 100 mg orally twice daily for seven days, or for the duration of risk of exposure plus one week. Alternative antibiotics include ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, or chloramphenicol. No vaccine is currently available for plague propylaxis. The previously available licensed, killed vaccine was effective against bubonic plague, but not against aerosol exposure. 

Vaccines The currently available inactivated whole cell vaccine is not recommended for protection from a biological warfare agent since it does not protect laboratory animals from aerosolized plague. However, the vaccine is effective in preventing bubonic plague in persons in endemic or epidemic areas. 

Available killed vaccines include acellular pertussis, anthrax, botulism, cholera, diptheria, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), influenza, Lyme disease, meningococcus, pertussis, plague, pneumococcus, polio, rabies, tetanus, typhoid, and typhoid VI. 

A plague vaccine is not currently available for use in the United States. 

Plague vaccines have strength of 2 x 109 organisms per milliliter. How many organisms are present in a dose of 0.2 milliliter ... 

Mett V, Lyons J, Musiychuk K, Chichester JA, Brasil T, Couch R, Sherwood R, Palmer GA, Streatfield SJ, Yusibov V. (2007) A plant-produced plague vaccine candidate confers protection to monkeys. Vaccine 25 3014-3017. 

Plague vaccine Formaldehyde-killed Yersinia pestis Active immunization against plague... 

Alvarez, M.L., Pinyerd, H.L., Crisantes, J.D., Rigano, M.M., Pinkhasov, J., Walmsley, A.M., Mason, H.S., and Cardinean, G.A. (2005). Plant-made sub-nnit vaccine against pneumonic and bubonic plague is orally immunogenic in mice. Vaccine 24(14) 2477-2490. 

Killed (bacterial) vaccine Typhoid, cholera, pertussis, plague, meningitis. 

Vaccines need to be developed against diseases with high mortality rates, such as AIDS, pneumonic plague, acute respiratory infections, diarrhea, and parasitic diseases such as malaria. 

My young son s health was damaged by chemicals (in particular pesticides, insecticides and herbicides) and he was affected both mentally and physically. As an infant James had a major exposure to pesticides and he had severe reaction to vaccinations when he was four months old. Also, we had a flea plague here and our home was sprayed. He became very ill. When he was eighteen months old our home was renovated and painted with the normal toxic paint products. He continued to have exposures at school. I had no idea they were fogging the trees and around the classrooms with pesticides. At school he was also exposed to toxic paint products and cleaning products, chemical deodorizers in the toilets and chemically perfumed products on the staff and children. 

Smallpox is a deadly disease that has plagued humanity for hundreds of years. In most outbreaks, children were most often infected because adults were protected by immunity from vaccine-induced or previous smallpox infection (Henderson et al., 1999). Large outbreaks in schools were uncommon because the smallpox virus is not transmitted until the rash appears by this time, infected children were confined to bed because of their symptoms (Henderson, 1999). 

Elvin, S. J., Eyles, J. E., Howard, K. A., Ravichandran, E., So-mavarappu, S., Alpar, H. 0., et al. (2005). Protection against bubonic and pneumonic plague with a single dose microencapsulated sub-unit vaccine. Vaccine, 24(20), 4433-4439. 

Titball, R. W, Williamson, E. D. (2001). Vaccination against bubonic and pneumonic plague. Vaccine, 19, 4175-4184. 

PNEUMONIC PLAGUE Chest pain, dyspnea, hemoptysis, sepsis, multiple organ failure VACCINE Not currently available. Previous vaccine did not protect against... 

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