Use in brewing

Table 7. Mineral Content of Waters Used in Brewing ...

They do differ in one respect from their filamentous siblings in that they are able to metabolise certain carbohydrates (sugars) by a process known as fermentation. During this, of course, they produce alcohol and gas (carbon dioxide) and for that reason they are used in brewing, bread making and other useful processes. 

The B-amylase has been used to produce extremely high maltose syrups for confectionery industries and high conversiem syrups used in brewing (77-79). Figure 2 shows the effect of B-amylase and pullulanase on the time course of maltose... 

Folklore Hops are primarily associated with the brewing of beer, but many other herbs were used in brewing long before hops came to prominence. Hops were traditionally used to stuff pillows as a way of promoting sleep (Bown, 2003 British Herbal Medicine Association, 1983 Gruenwald et al, 2002 Hutchens, 1973). 

Beer sometimes contains very small proportions of arsenic derived from the malt, sugars, hops, etc., used in brewing, and as the maximum amount allowable is one-hundredth of a grain of arsenic (As2Os) per gallon of the beer, it is advisable to keep a systematic check on the materials employed and also on the finished beer. 

Crude papaya latex, usually called papain, has found a number of industrial applications. It has been used in brewing, meat tenderization, flavor production. 

Fungal amylase has relative low heat stability and its major application is in the baking industry to supplement the variable activity of amylase present in wheat flour. Bacterial amylase is much more heat stable and it is used in brewing, starch degradation, alcohol, textile, and detergent industries. The organisms commonly used for the commercial production of a-amylase include ... 

Papain is widely used in brewing industry, for tenderization in meat industry, fish, food, laundry, detergents, pharmaceutical and allied indushies. Papain consists of a single polypeptide chain of 212 amino acid residues, cross-linked by four disulphide bonds. The active site of papain contains a cysteine residue whose sulphhydryl group is required for catalysis. It has a broad specificity for peptide bonds with wide pH range. 

Huniulus lupulus (hop) contains a variety of sesquiterpe-noids, diterpenoids, and triterpenoids, phytoestrogens, and the flavonoid xanthohumol, which has some in vitro anti-HIV activity (1). Apart from their use in brewing beer, hops have been used for sedative purposes, but evidence of efficacy is poor. 

Chaparral can be found in health food stores and on various sites on the World Wide Web. Products available include leaves, stems, and bark in bulk to be used in brewing tea. The tea is made by steeping the dried leaves and stems in hot water. Approximately 7-8 g of leaves are used per quart of water (Smart et ah, 1969). Capsules and tablets have also been formulated in various dosages. Products can be found containing chaparral as the only active ingredient, or in combination with other herbs. Dosages used by patients in a case series detailing chaparral-associated hepatotoxicity and other adverse effects (Sheikh, 1997) included 100-mg, 400-mg, 450-mg, and 480-mg capsules and 64.8-mg and 100-mg tablets. 

The ammonium ion can take the place of a monatomic cation in an ionic crystal struaure. For example, the crystal structure of ammonium chloride, NH4CI, which is found in fertilizers, is very similar to the crystal struaure of cesium chloride, CsCl, which is used in brewing, mineral waters, and to make fluorescent screens. In each structure, the chloride ions form a cubic arrangement with chloride ions at the corners of each... 

Neutrase . [Novo Nordisk] Protease enzyme for breakdown of proteinaceous matter into peptides and amino acids used in brewing industry. 

Treatment with activated carbon, applied to the water used in brewing, has a favorable effect on the quality of beer produced. 

Carbonic acid, dicesium salt Cesium carbonate (CS2CO3) Dicesium carbonate EINECS 249-784-8 NSC 112218. Used in brewing, mineral waters, in specialty glasses, as a polymerizalion catalyst for ethylene oxide. Soluble in H2O, organic solvents. Cabot Cartxin Ltd Cerac Sigma-Aldrich Fine Chem. 

Caesium chloride Cesium chloride Cesium chloride (CsCI) Cesium monochloride Dicesium dichloride EINECS 231-600-2 NSC 15198 Tricesium trichloride. Used in brewing preparation of cesium compounds mineral waters evacuation of radio tubes in ultracentrifuge separations fluorescent screens contrast medium. Crystals mp = 646° bp = 1303° d = 3.99 LD50 (rat ip) = 1.5 g/kg. Accurate Chem. Sc/. Corp. Atomergic Chemetals Cabot Carbon Ltd. Cerac Janssen Chimica. 

Caesium sulphate Cesium sulfate Dicesium sulfate EINECS 233-662-6 Sulfuric acid, dicesium sail. Used In brewing, mineral waters, for density gradient in ultracentrifuge separation. Crystals mp = 1019° d = 4,24 soluble in H2O, insoluble in organic solvents. Atomergic Chemetals Cabot Carbon Ltd. Cerac Sigma-Atdrich Fine Chem. 

Products and Uses An ingredient in bakery products, baby foods, confections, ham (chopped or processed), hamburger, ice cream, luncheon meat, meat loaf, poultry, and sausage. Used in brewing and wine making and as a formulation aid, humectant (moisturizer), sweetener (nutritive), texturizing agent (improves feel or texture). 

A question of the greatest importance in the brewery is that of water. If we examine the influence exerted by the composition of the water used in brewing on the quantity of soluble nitrogen extracted at 65°, we find that distilled water dissolves a much larger quantity of soluble nitrogen than a water containing certain mineral salts, like the calcium and the alkali carbonates. The differences, as Fernbach and Hubert have shown, must be attributed to the transformation of the phosphates of the malt from primary (mono-metallic) into secondary (bi-metallic), under the influence of carbonates, a reaction which causes a partial inhibi-... 

BC. The Egyptians and Sumerians developed various and specific fermentations for use in brewing, bread making, and cheese making. 

The difficulty of isolating lactic acid bacteria from brewing environments and culturing them successfully has led to the development of many culture media. A list of these and of other media commonly used in brewing micro-... 

Cotton cellulose is the filtermass used in brewing, but -wood cellulose is also available. It is sometimes used as underlay for diatomite or perlite or as a blend with diatomite. Generally the fibres are about 20 pm diameter and 50-100 pm long, which win bridge wide openings in the filter medium Cellulose is very pure, is combustible and soluble in solvents so that inert suspended solids may be recovered by either of these methods. 

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