U.S. Biological Warfare Program

National Security Archive (1970). The September 11th Source Books National Security Archive Online Readers on Terrorism, Intelligence and the Next War. Volume III BIOWAR The Nixon Administration s Decision to End U.S. Biological Warfare Programs. Available http //www.gwu.edu/ nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB58/ RNCBW22.pdf. 

This arrangement was modified in October 1944, when the secretary of war established the U.S. Biological Warfare Committee with Merck as the chairman. The CWS assigned the biological warfare program to its Special Projects Division. At its peak, this division had 3,900 army, navy, and civilian personnel working on various programs.26106... 

To prevent brucellosis, animal handlers should wear appropriate protective clothing when working with infected animals. Meat should be well-cooked milk should be pasteurized. Laboratory workers should culture the organism only with appropriate Biosafety Level 2 or 3 containment (see Chapter 19, The U.S. Biological Warfare and Biological Defense Programs, for a discussion of the biosafety levels that are used at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland). 

Burgess, Steven F., and Helen E. Purkitt. 2001. The Rollback of South Africa s Chemical and Biological Warfare Program, U.S. Air Force Counterproliferation Center, Air War College, Maxwell Air Force Base, Ala. See also Kay, David A. 1995. Denial and Deception Practices of WMD Proliferators Iraq and Beyond, Washington Quarterly, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Winter), p. 83. 

We have known for many years that the Soviet Union maintained an offensive biological warfare program in violation of the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention, which they initiated and signed without reservation. This knowledge has been reported to the U.S. Congress and the American public since 1984, and our government has repeatedly raised this subject, first with the Soviet leadership, and more recently with the current Russian leadership.5... 

Two research programs (science and technology base) remain under USAMRMC, one for medical chemical defense and the other for medical biological defense. USAMRMC exercises its responsibility for these programs through the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense for chemical warfare defense and USAMRllD for biological warfare defense (Parker interview, 2001). 

U.S. Department of Defense, Report on Biological Warfare Defense Vaccine Research Development Programs, July 2001a. 

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