Types of radiation monitoring

Individual monitoring for members of the public would only be necessary in the case of an intervention if the assessed average individual dose to members of a particular group of people is close to or could exceed a substantial fraction of an appropriate intervention level [2]. Such a situation is extremely rare. 

The following conditions should be taken into account in the design of any monitoring programme  

Environmental monitoring is conducted both on and outside the site giving rise to exposure of the pubUc and radionuchdes in the environment. The environmental monitoring programmes include measurements of radiation fields and radionuclide activity concentrations in environmental samples relevant to human exposure, primarily in air, drinking water, agricultural produce and natural foodstuffs, as well as in bioindicators that concentrate radionuclides and provide a measure of trends in activity levels. 

Source related environmental monitoring is carried out to assess the impact of a particular source of radiation and radionuclide discharge. To determine the environmental impact of a particular source, measurement points and sampling points should be selected and analytical methods should be applied that allow the detection of radiation and radioactive contamination arising from the source under consideration. 

Environmental monitoring is always dependent on the site specific features of the environment to be monitored. The monitoring should be done 

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Threats to chemical facilities from radioactive contamination could involve two major scenarios. First, the facility or its assets could be contaminated, preventing workers from accessing and operating the facility/assets. Second, the feed water supply could be contaminated. These two scenarios require different threat reduction strategies. The first scenario requires that facilities monitor for radioactive substances as they are brought on-site the second requires that feed water assets be monitored for radioactive contamination. While the effects of radioactive contamination are basically the same under both threat types, each of these threats requires different types of radiation monitoring and different types of equipment. 

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