Turbocharged engines

Fig. 26. Modelled (lines) and measured (points) component conversions for a DOC over the ESC (European Stationary Cycle). Measured data for a bench mounted 10L, 210kW turbocharged engine.

CD introduced 1955 for certain naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines, CD-II introduced 1985 for two-stroke cycle engines and CE introduced 1985 for high-speed, naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines. Can replace CC and CD lubricants. 

Copper-lead 70% Cu - 30% Pb Crankshaft and camshaft bearings of i.c. engines turbocharger bearings... 

Turbochargers use the expansion of exhaust gas to pump combustion air to an engine. Exhaust gas is directed through a set of nozzles to drive a turbine wheel. Directly connected to the exhaust turbine is an air compressor turbine that delivers combustion air to the power cylinders. Thus, back-pressure is put on the engine exhaust, reducing power slightly, but the net effect of the increase in air mass flow available for combustion i.s to increase horsepower. 

Although turbocharging an engine increases the bhp for a nominal additional capital cost, it has the disadvantage of increasing maintenance costs and decreasing engine reliability. 

Two-stroke cycle machines must be equipped with a scavenge air system that may include a separate scavenge air cylinder, gear-driven blower, or turbochargers. It should be noted, however, that a method must be provided to supply a turbocharged two-stroke cycle engine with air to start. 

Pressure-volume curve illustration for a turbocharged and direct-injected high-speed heavy-duty four-stroke diesel cycle engine. 

S.M. Vauclain Compound low- and high-pressure 1937 American Locomotive First diesel engine turbocharger... 

CE Service typical of certain turbocharged or supercharged heavy-duty diesel engines operating under both low speed-high load and high speed-low load conditions. Oils designed for this service must also meet the requirements specified for CC and CD classifications. 

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