Tumor-associated carbohydrate

Hakomori, S. (1984). Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2,103-126. 

S. Hakomori, Aberrant glycosylation in tumors and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, Adv. Cancer Res. 52 257 (1989). 

A large-scale enzymic synthesis of the trisaccharide a-D-Neu5Ac-(2—>3)-j8-D-Gal-( 1 — 3)-d-G1cNAc (65), the tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen CA 50, has been achieved.113 This is a further illustration of the cross reactivity and efficiency of STB, This sialyltransferase, like STA, was partially purified from porcine liver, according to a modification of Conradt s procedure. 114 The initial rate measured for j8-d-Gal-( 1 - 3)-d-G1cNAc at saturating concentration was 18% of the one measured for the real substrate / -d-... 

Some gangliosides of the globo series (Globo-H, sLcx hexasaccharyl ceramide, etc.) are useful cancer cell markers because they are elevated in the membranes of certain types of tumor cells such as melanomas and metastatic brain tumors. A number of GSLs play a role as tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs)... 

Hakomori S-I. Tumor associated carbohydrate markers. In Sell S, ed. Serological cancer markers. Totowa NJ Humana Press, 1992 207-32,... 

Z. Wang, L. Zhou, K. Ei-Boubbou, X. S. Ye, and X. Huang, Multi-component one-pot synthesis of the tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen Globo-H based on preactivation of thioglycosyl donors,... 

D. B. Werz, B. Castagner, and P. H. Seeberger, Automated synthesis of the tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens Gb-3 and Globo-H Incorporation of a-galactosidic linkages, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 129 (2007) 2770-2771. 

Fully protected tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen Globo-H (50), a potential breast and prostate cancer vaccine [54, 55], was assembled by automated solid support synthesis using oct-4-ene-l,8-diol linker 49 and building blocks 51-56 (Scheme 20.15). The linker is stable to acid and base but is cleaved cleanly by olefin metathesis [56]. The octenediol linker performs best on Merrifield s PS resin, affording routinely loadings in a range of 0.1-0.3 mmol g 1. 

Kunz and coworkers reported the solid-phase synthesis of glycopeptides derived from the tandem repeat sequence of MUC4 with tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens. ... 

S. Hakomori, Tumor-Associated Carbohydrate Antigens and Modified Biood Group Antigens, in Glycoproteins and Disease] J. Montreuii, J. F. G. Viiegenthart, H. Schachter, Eds. Eisevier Amsterdam, 1996 pp 243-276. 

With the aid of monoclonal antibodies, sialylated carbohydrate structures, notably sialyl Lea and sialyl Lex, were discovered to function as receptors for the selectins [43]. Sialyl Lex is usually located on leukocytes, but also highly expressed on a variety of different cancer cells [45]. The same holds true for sialyl Lea, which serves as a tumor marker on gastrointestinal and pancreatic cancers [46]. Owing to the function of sialyl Lewis structures in the extravasation of cancer cells from the bloodstream and promoting metastatic spread to other tissues, a clear correlation of expression of sialyl Lea and sialyl Lex on tumors with enhanced progression and metastasis was observed. Since it is assumed that these tumor-associated carbohydrate markers enhance extravasation and metastasis by interactions with selectins, experiments were performed where selectin expression was inhibited. Long-term studies showed that cancer... 

Fukuda M. Possible roles of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens. Cancer Res 1996 56 2237-2244. 

Fig. 17 Common tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) where R=H (Ser) or CH3 (Thr)...

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