Sequencing tandem repeats

In yeast, satellite nucleic acid is relatively miniscule (Pupko and Graur, 1999) so these fragments are referred to as microsatelhtes. These exist as simple sequence tandem repeats of chromosome-associated DNA, ranging in size from 2 to 5 nucleotides (Young et al., 2000). Because these are chromosome-associated, replication is tied to the host. 

The genes encoding the polypeptide backbones of a number of mucins derived from various tissues (eg, pancreas, small intestine, trachea and bronchi, stomach, and salivary glands) have been cloned and sequenced. These studies have revealed new information about the polypeptide backbones of mucins (size of tandem repeats, potential sites of N-glycosylation, etc) and ultimately should reveal aspects of their genetic control. Some important properties of mucins are summarized in Table 47-8. 

Telomeres are the nucleoprotein assembUes at the ends of chromosomes that comprise guanine-rich tandem-repeating DNA sequences (the size of a typical telomere is aroimd 6-12 kb in length in hiunans) together with a number of structural and regulatory proteins. The major function of telomeres is to protect chromosome ends from base-pair loss and end-to-end fusions, thereby safeguarding the integrity of each chromosome [10, llj. The enzyme... 

Kaneda S, Takeishi K, Ayusawa D et al. Role in translation of a triple tandemly repeated sequence in the 5 -untranslated region of human thymidylate synthase mRNA. Nucleic Acids Res 1987 15 1259-1270. 

Horie N, Aiba H, Oguro K et al. Functional analysis and DNA polymorphism of the tandemly repeated sequences in the 5 -terminal regulatory region of the human gene for thymidylate synthase. Cell Stmct Funct 1995 20 191-197. 

Kawakami K, Salonga D, Omura K, Park JM, Danenberg KD, Watanabe Y et al. Effects of polymorphic tandem repeat sequence on the in vitro translation of messenger RNA. Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res 1999 40 436 137. 

The repeat gene family tandem repeats may increase both intra- and intermolecular recombination events, which result in gene or epitope amplification that is usually followed by sequence divergence. This could be another strategy of adaptation by the virus to keep pace with its evolving host. Because of its potentially large size and sequence diversity, the 540-bp repeat gene family will presumably play an important role. Based upon predicted properties, the 540-bp repeat proteins are believed to function differently than those of the cysteine-rich family. 

B. Amino Acid Sequences of /3-Solenoids Have Arrays of Tandem Repeats 74... 

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