Tuberculosis antimicrobial activity

Alcohols, particularly ethanol [64-17-5] and 2-propanol [67-63-9] are important disinfectants and antiseptics. In the aUphatic series of straight-chain alcohols, the antimicrobial activity increases with increasing molecular weight up to a maximum, depending on the organism tested. For Staphylococcus aureus the maximum activity occurs using amyl alcohol [71-41-0], for Salmonella typhosa, octyl alcohol [111-87-5], CgH gO (43) ioT Mycobacterium tuberculosis... 

The antimicrobial activity of thiosemicarbazones against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro was first reported by Domagk et al. [28] and later confirmed in vivo [29]. Screening revealed that only certain substituted be-nzaldehyde and heterocyclic thiosemicarbazones possess antitubercular activity [30-32]. The most widely used is p-acetamidobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (trivial name = thiacetazone), 1. 

HQSARhologram quantitative structure-activity relationship, MLR multiple linear regression, PCA principal component analysis, PLS-QSAR partial least-squares quantitative structure-activity relationship, TAACF Tuberculosis Antimicrobial Acquisition and Coordinating Facility STATOO Consulting (Berne, Switzerland)... 

Rifampin [RIF am pin], derived from the soil mold Streptomvces. has a broader antimicrobial activity than isoniazid and has found application in the treatment of other bacterial infections. Because resistant strains rapidly emerge during therapy, it is never given as a single agent in the treatment of active tuberculosis. 

Quinolizidine derivatives with a more or less extended and planar aromatic moiety displayed antimicrobial activity [256]. Similar compounds were prepared for testing against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, due to the growing concern for the upsurge of new cases of tuberculosis and of non-tuberculous mycobacterioses in the western world since 1986. Several quinolizidines (Q) bearing different aryl nuclei substituents (which changed both the electronic distribution and the lipophilic-hydrophilic balance of the molecule) were synthesised. Six of these synthesised compounds (Q1-Q6), Fig. (42), were highly active and it is reasonable to state that... 

Other flavonoids from the Anthemideae tribe also showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Crude extracts of Haplopappus sonorensis (A. Gray) S.F. Blake showed activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis [228], 5-hydroxy-3,7,4 -trimethoxyflavone, 5,7-dihydroxy-3,4 -dimethoxyflavone (ermanin), Fig. (34) and 5,4 -dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone were identified by assay-guided fractionation, as the antimycobacterial principles. The flavonoid ermanin, Fig. (34) was the most active compound. 

A recent study has examined the antimicrobial activity of various aldehydes against M. tuberculosis [107]. Pentenal, benzaldehyde and phthalalde-hyde showed a kill greater than 10 cfu ml" in 5 minutes, though benzaldehyde was only active in the presence of 2% glutraldehyde. Substituents (nitro, chloro, methyl and methoxy) on the benzaldehyde ring reduced this synergism, but still showed increased activity over 2% glutaraldehyde alone [107]. 

V. (2013) Optimization of pyrrolamides as mycobacterial GyrB ATPase inhibitors structure activity relationship and in vivo efficacy in the mouse model of tuberculosis. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. In print. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 58,4993. 

D.H. Vyas, S.D. Tala, J.D. Akbai, M.F. Dhaduk, K.A. Joshi, H.S. Joshi, Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some new cyanopyridine and cyanopyrans towards Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other microorganisms, Ind. J. Chem. 48B (2009) 833-839. 

Litophyton viridis Steroid Litosterol Antimicrobial activity against M. tuberculosis [52]... 

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