Tropomyosin receptor kinases

D3. Dalai, R., and Djakiew, D., Molecular characterization of neutrophin expression and die corresponding tropomyosin receptor kinases (trks) in epithelial and stromal cells of the human prostate. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 134(1), 15-22 (1997). 

Tyrosine kinase/tropomyosin receptor kinase (neurotrophin receptor)... 

However, the heterodimer formed by N-Myc and Max and/or the homodimers TrkA/NGF drive the cell survival P13K/Akt (PKC) pathway. Expression of the TrkA receptor (tropomyosin-receptor kinase) occurred in tumors stagnating without vascular supply and prone to diflferentiate these tumors could not be readily xenografted (due to lack of viability). In contrast, tumors expressing the TrkB... 

Kozisek ME, Middlemas D, Bylund DB Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor tropomyosin-related kinase in the mechanism of action of antidepressant therapies. Pharmacol Ther 2008 117(1) 30. [PMID 17949819]... 

The role of neurotrophins in the pathogenesis of allergic disease and asthma has been appreciated only recently. Neurotrophins are a family of growth factors that have common receptors and physiologic effects and are the principal regulators of neuronal activity, differentiation and maintenance. In humans, there are at least four defined neurotrophins also termed NGFs. These polypeptides include NGF, neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), neurotrophin 4/5 (NT-4/5) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). They all act on a common group of tropomyosin-related tyrosine kinase (Trk) receptors. Neurotrophin receptors are expressed in the neurons of both the central and peripheral nervous systems. 

The neurotrophin receptor p75 was first identified as a nerve growth factor (NGF)-binding protein and was subsequently shown to interact with each of the other neurotrophic factors, BDNF, neurotrophin-3, and neurotrophin-4/-5. It also modulates the activity of several members of the tropomyosin-related receptor tyrosine kinase family (Trk) (reviewed in Chao, 2003). p75, a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, is a type I transmembrane protein with four cysteine-rich domains in its extracellular region and a Death domain in its cytoplasmic protein (Fig. 11). 

A chromosomal translocation results in replacement of most of the extracellular domain of the normal human Trk protein, a receptor tyrosine kinase, with the N-terminal domain of nonmuscle tropomyosin. Dimerized by the tropomyosin segment, the Trk oncoprotein kinase is constitutively active. Unlike the normal Trk, which is localized to the plasma membrane, the Trk oncoprotein is found in the cytosol. [See F. Coulier et al., 1989, Mol. Cell Biol. 9 15.1... 

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