Trifolium subterraneum

S. E. Smith, B. L. St John, F. A. Smith, and D. j. D. Nicholas, Activity of glutamine synthetase and glutamate dehydrogenase in Trifolium subterraneum and Allium cepa L., effects of mycorrhizal infection and phosphorus nutrition. New Phytologist 99 211 (1985). 

In Australia, lambing in sheep has dropped to as little as 30% after grazing on subterranean clover. Trifolium subterraneum. The clover contains the isoflavonoids formononetin and genistein (Fig. 11.11). These compounds mimic the steroidal nucleus of the natural female hormone estrone. Alfalfa, M. sativa, and ladino clover. Trifolium repens, contain the even more potent isoflavonoid coumestrol. It is 30 times more active than genistein or formononetin, but occurs in lower concentrations in the plant (Shutt, 1976). 

Lawson, C.G.R. et al., Rhizobium inoculation and physical wounding result in the rapid induction of the same chalcone synthase copy in Trifolium subterraneum, Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact., 1, 498, 1994. 

Wang, S., Ghisalberti, E.L., and Ridsdill-Smith, J., Bioactive isoflavonols and other components from Trifolium subterraneum. Journal of Natural Products, 61, 508, 1998. 

Dear, B. S. and J. Lipsett. 1987. The effect of boron supply on the growth and seed production of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.). Aust. Jour. Agric. Res. 38 537-546. 

Enache, A.J. and R.D. Ilnicki (1990). Weed control by subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) used as a living mulch. Weed Technol., 4 534-538. 

Groves, R.H., Williams, J.D. Growth of skeleton weed (Chondrilla juncea L.) as affected by growth of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) and infection by Puccinia chondrillina Bubak and Syd. Aust J Agri Res 1975 36 975-983. 

Quigley, P.E. Effects of Neotyphodium lolii infection and sowing rate of perennial ryegrass (Loliumperenne) on the dynamics of ryegrass/subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) swards. Aust J Agri Res 2000 51 47-56. 

Genistein Genistein (= 4, 5,7-Trihydroxy-isoflavone) (isoflavone) Prunus spp. (Rosaceae), Genista spp., Phaseolus lunatus. Trifolium subterraneum (Fabaceae) Aminopeptidase N (39-76% inhibition at 100 pM) [64, 67]... 

Rhus cotinus, R. rhodantherma (Anacardiaceae), Acacia spp., Dalbergia odorifera, Glycine max (Fabaceae) [heartwood] as glycosides in Rhus succedanea (Anacardiaceae) [wood], Trifolium subterraneum (Fabaceae)... 

Genista tinctoria, Glycine max, Phaseolus coccineus, Trifolium repens, Ulex europaeus (Fabaceae) Piper methysticum (kava, yaqona) (Piperaceae) [root] kava (yaqona = yangona) traditional Fiji drink Piper methysticum (kava, yaqona) (Piperaceae) [rhizome, root] Genista spp., Trifolium subterraneum,... 

Prunus spp. (Rosaceae) [wood], Genista spp. (broom), Phaseolus lunatus, Trifolium subterraneum,... 

Jakobsen, I., Abbott, L. K. Robson, A. D. (1992). External hyphae of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with Trifolium subterraneum L. 1. Spread of hyphae and phosphorus inflow into roots. New Phytologist, 120, 371-80. 

Donald, C. M., and Williams, C. H. (1954). Fertility and productivity of a podzolic soil as influenced by subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) and superphosphate. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 5 664-87. 

Joner, E.J. and Jakobsen, I. (1 995a) Uptake of P from labelled organic matter by mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.). Plant and Soil 1 72, 221-227. 

George, T.S., Richardson, A.E., Hadobas, P.A. and Simpson, R.J. (2004) Characterization of transgenic Trifolium subterraneum L. which expresses phyA and releases extracellular phytase growth and P nutrition in laboratory media and soil. Plant, Cell and Environment 27 (in press). 

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