Rhizobium inoculants

Lawson, C.G.R. et al., Rhizobium inoculation and physical wounding result in the rapid induction of the same chalcone synthase copy in Trifolium subterraneum, Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact., 1, 498, 1994. 

Chao, W-L. Alexander, M. (1984). Mineral soils as carriers for Rhizobium inoculants. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 47, 94—7. 

Fig. 6. Changes in A, gln-y mRNA and B, GS isoenzymes, in nodules following alterations in the rate of dinitrogen fixation. Plants were grown with their root systems enclosed in an atmosphere of either 80% N2/20% Oz or 80% Ar/20% 02 for 15 days following Rhizobium inoculation and then switched to the opposite gaseous regime for 24 or 96 h before harvesting (data from Cock et al., 1990 Chen et at., 1990).

K. J. Prakash, N. Suresh, and C. R. Babu, Development of an inexpensive legume-Rhizobium inoculation technology which may be used in aerial seeding. Journal of Basic Microbiology 34 231-243, 2007. 

Hungria M, Campo RJ, Mendes IC (2003) Benefits of inoculation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) crop with efficient and competitive Rhizobium tropici strains. Biol Fertil Soils 39 88-93... 

Inoculation with specific strains of rhizobium bacteria stimulates nodulation on leguminous forbs, Commercial inoculants are available for the important legume species. Rhizobium bacteria may not survive or produce effective nodules in acidic spoils with pH below 5.0. 

Recourt K, van Tunen AJ, Mur LA, van Brussel AA, Lugtenberg BJ, Kijne JW. 1992. Activation of flavonoid biosynthesis in roots of Vicia sativa subsp. nigra plants by inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae. Plant Mol Biol 19 411 420. 

Charitha Devi M., Readdy M.N. Phenolic acid metabolish of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) plants inoculated with VAM fungus and Rhizobium. PI Gr Regul 2002 37 151-156. 

Prevention and Control The relationship of legumes and these bacteria (Rhizobium spp.) is generally beneficial to both. Plants supply bacteria with nutrients bacteria convert nitrogen from the air into a form that plants can use. To promote growth of these beneficial organisms, buy the bacteria in powder form (called inoculant) and dust the seeds of appropriate crops before planting. Certain species work better with particular plants, so buy the right inoculant for your crop. 

Prepare a mixture of about 50% soil, 25% Pearlite (an expanded clay product) and 25% peat moss sufficient to fill two large flower pots. If the soil has not been used previously for soybeans, then it is necessary to inoculate it with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, some variety of Rhizobium japonicum, which can be obtained at a Co-oP. Mix a small handful into the soil in each pot. 

Tripathi, S. K., and Edward, J. C. (1978). Response of Rhizobium culture inoculation, zinc and molybdenum application on rhizosphere and phyllosphere microbial population of soybean Glycine max Merril). Curr. Sci. 47 503-4. 

Most legume seeds are inoculated with the appropriate Rhizobium species to ensure that nodulation will occur. Seed treatment with soluble sources of Mo may decrease the effectiveness of the inoculum because of salt effects. Therefore, some suggest the use of... 

Methods Rhizobium trifolii inoculated seeds were sown on a well fertilized calcareous soil in Palma de Mallorca (Spain) on October 31st. 1988. 

Rahie GH (1998) Induction of fungal disease resistance in Viciafaba by dual inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Mycopathologia 141 159-166... 

Lupins require a pH below 7 and the seed should be inoculated Wiih Rhizobium bacteria to encourage nodulation. It is important to establish a good plant population and time of sowing is critical for winter varieties. The crop does not require nitrogen and on fertile soils has little requirement for phosphate and potash. Crop protection products ate available but generally with Extensions of Authorisation for Minor Uses (EAMUs) approval and advice should be obtained. 

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