Triazines atrazine

Six different individual data matrices were obtained for GW (gwi, gw2,..., gw6) but, in this case, rows (samples) were not common for all data matrices. A new GW data matrix was obtained after individual matrix concatenation containing 92 samples in total (see Fig. 7). In this case, the number of samples for the different sampling campaigns was not coincident (10, 16, 17, 15, 17, and 17 locations were sampled, from first to sixth campaigns respectively). Seven variables (all of them detected in SW as well) were measured in every GW sample an organophosphate compound (tributylphosphate), triazines (atrazine, desethylatrazine, simazine, and terbuthylazine), and APs (octylphenol and nonylphenol). 

Lamoureux, G.L., Shitnabukuro, R.H., Swanson, H.R., and Frear, D.S. Metabolism of 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine (atrazine) in excised sorghum leaf sections, / Agric. Food Chem., 18(l) 81-86, 1970. 

Pesticide levels often exceed the requirements posed by the Ground Water Directive (2006/118/EC), thus constituting a serious threat to ground water quality. This becomes especially relevant in those cases in which groundwater are used as human supply source. Of particular concern is the fact that the commercialisation of formulations containing some of the most commonly found pesticides, such as triazines (atrazine, simazine, etc.), lindane have been aheady banned in Europe. 

When rats were administered atrazine in drinking water at 0.1, 0.2, or 0.5 g/1 for 1 or 3 weeks, they excreted as the principal metabolite 2 -chloro-4-ethylamino-6-amino-s-triazine. Atrazine and its metabolites have been shown to alter the activity of some testosterone-metabolizing enzymes in the rat pituitary and hypothalamus and to decrease hormone-receptor binding in the prostate. ... 

Members of an extensive group of sym-triazine herbicides, usually having one or two secondary amine substituents, block the Hill reaction and inhibit photosynthesis in a manner quite similar to that of the urea herbicides. The most widely used, 2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine (atrazine), (10), is one of several hundred herbicidal analogs... 

Selective herbicides are relatively recent developments in the 5000-year history of sugarcane production. After 1945, when phenoxy herbicides were first sold, one person using 2,4-D in a backpack sprayer could accomplish the work of 15 others using hoes and with far more lasting results than simply severing weeds with a steel tool at the soil surface. While three herbicide families (triazines, phenoxys, and dinitroanilines) are of major importance in sugarcane production, the triazines, atrazine and ametryn clearly predominate. 

Hormann, W.D., Eberle, D.O. (1972) The aqueous solubility of 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-l,3,5-triazine (atrazine) obtained by an improved analytical method. Weeds Res. 12, 199-202. 

Monoclonal antibodies were obtained against atrazine and its metabolite hydroxyatrazine by immunizing mice with atrazine or hydroxyatrazine protein conjugates. By competitive ELISA, we observed that the antibodies raised against hydroxyatrazine cross-reacted mainly with hydroxypropazine. The antibodies raised against atrazine cross-reacted with propa-zine, prometone, prometryne, and to a much lower extent with a few other s-triazines and hydroxy-s-triazines. Atrazine could be detected in water samples down to 50 ppt. Average recoveries measured by ELISA from soil samples fortified with atrazine or hydroxyatrazine were comparable to those measured by GLC or HPLC. Soil samples of unknown atrazine content were analyzed by GLC, GC-MS, and by ELISA. The results show that the ELISA immunoassay represents a valuable detection method for trace amounts of atrazine and hydroxyatrazine in soil. 

This range of compounds consists of the many chemicals that are used to control pests worldwide. Target species include insect, animal, or plant species. Examples of the hundred or so pesticides that have been studied to determine their removal during drinking water treatment processes include -5-triazines (atrazine, simazine, cyanazine, propazine), lindane, DDT, 2, 4-D, atachlor, metolachlor, asulam, hymexazol, methomyl, imidacloprid, carbaryl, linuron, thiobencarb, and diquat. 

Among the 2-chloro-4,6-bis(alkylamino)-i-triazines with two different substituent side-chains, 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-i-triazine (atrazine, 8) is the most active, and followed, in decreasing order of activity, by 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-5ec-butylamino-i-triazine (sebuthylazine, 9) and 2-chloro-4-ethyl-amino-6-/-butylamino-j-triazine (terbuthylazine, 10). 

Determination. HPLC comparative tables with recoveries for the different solvents and matrixes are given. MAE was applied to study the thermal degradation of five carbamates some nonpolar and polar pollutants spiked in soil, such as PAHs, PCBs, triazines (atrazine, simazine), and carbamates (propoxur, methiocarb, chlorpropham) subjected to MAE were also studied the recoveries ranged between 70 and 99% with excellent reproducibility, except for carbamates Determination. LC—MS-MS recoveries... 

Triazines Atrazine Simazine Cyanazine Itaconic acid, Methacrylic acid, TFMAA, Acrylamide, AMPSA, DEAEM, MBAA Methacrylic acid, MBAA, Itaconic acid. Acrylamide, Allylamine Itaconic acid, Methacrylic acid, TFMAA, AMPSA, Acrylamide... 

Azomethine group (>C=N-) containing compounds cyolane, cytrolane, chlordimerform, drazoxolon s-Triazines atrazine Chlorinated compounds 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid), propachlor (2-chloro-A/-2-propylacetanilide), pentachlorophenol, picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid), hexachlorocyclohexane Nitro-group-containing compounds metaphos (o,o-dimethyl-o-(4-nitrophenyl) thiophosphate, parathion, paraoxon... 

Linuron Triazines Atrazine Simazine Prometrine Kieselgel G ... 

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