Tree moss

The use of high concentrations of vanillin in soap perfumery can cause discoloring effects over time, dark or black spots appear on the soap and foaming power is reduced. In some cases, however, the use of Rhodiarome ethylvanillin is possible, because ethylvanillin [121 -32-4] does not cause the same discoloration problems and, being at least three times more powerful than vanillin, can be used alone. Some surprising cases show that with oak or tree mosses and large amounts of methyl ionones, the soap perfume may look fine and have a low discoloration, and yet over time vanillin crystals can appear on the soap itself. 

Oakmoss absolute and tree moss absolute are obtained from tree lichens. Oakmoss absolute is derived from Evernia prunastri (L.) Arch. (Usnaceae), a lichen growing on oak trees. The lichen is first extracted with nonpolar solvents to give a concrete. The waxes are then removed by precipitation with ethanol, leaving an absolute. 

Tree moss concretes and absolutes are prepared from Evernia furfuracea Fr., a lichen growing on conifer bark. Their odors are different from those of the correponding oakmoss products. 

The quantities of oakmoss (mousse de chene) and tree moss (mousse d arbre) that are collected annually in the Balkan countries, France, and Morocco exceed 40001 [656]. 

Tree moss extract, absolute, resinoid Verbena absolute Verbena oil Worm wood oil... 

Pentylpyrrole is characterized by a green, fatty, somewhat rancid, flavor when added, at 1 ppm, to a sugar syrup (Winter et al., 1976f). It is also described as having a tree moss, mushroom and garlic odor (Chemisis, 1962)... 

No information on the safety of oak moss or tree moss in pregnancy or lactation was identified in the scientific or traditional literature. Although this review did not identify any concerns for use while pregnant or nursing, safety has not been conclusively established. 

No information on the use of oak moss or tree moss during pregnancy or lactation was identified. 

Other compounds that are permitted but can still cause health problems and must be declared on the label have a special analytical interest. For instance. Table 2 shows 26 potentially allergenic substances whose presence in the formulation has to be advertised according to legislation. Of these 26 substances, two are natural extracts (oak moss and tree moss), and the rest are volatile chemicals. Recently, the IFRA has developed an analytical procedure that allows the determination of these 24 volatile chemicals using gas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS). 

Extract of oak moss. Extract made mainly from Evernia prunastri (oak moss) and Pseudevernia furfuracea (tree moss). Oak moss concrete is prepared by hydrocarbon solvent extraction of the lichen Evernia PrunastrU collected mainly from oak trees in Yugoslavia, France, Italy, Corsica, Morocco, Hungary, and various central European countries. Contains atranorin, evernic acid and usnic acid Synonyms oak moss-resinoid oil Mousse concrete oak moss oak moss extra resinoid colourless MD oak moss LA oakmoss oil oak moss resin oak moss resinoid diethyl phthalate codistillate Evernia furfuraceae spp. absolute tree moss absolute Mousse d arbre absolute Evernia spp. absolute Mousse de chene absolute Evernia furfuraceae spp. concrete Mousse d arbre concrete tree moss concrete Evernia prunasti spp. concrete Evernia prunasti spp. oil Evernia prunasti spp. resin Uses fragrance in many perfume mixtures, after-shave lotions etc. (hay new-mown hay animal fern green). PA... 

Additionally, as mentioned above, also two natnral ingredients, oakmoss and tree moss extracts, were addressed in a separate SCCNFP opinion (adopted dnring the 14th plenary meeting of October 24,... 

These two natural mosses are identified as follows oakmoss extracts derived from the lichen, Evernia prunastri (L.) Arch. (Usneaceae), growing primarily on oak trees, and tree moss extracts derived from a mixture of lichens, mainly Evernia furfuracea (L.) Arch. (Usneaceae) growing on... 

The remaining two alleged allergens are aromatic natural raw materials by themselves oakmoss (E. prunastri) and tree moss (E. furfuracea). 

FIGURE 22.3 Structures of atranol and chloroatranol, most potent allergens in oakmoss and tree moss. 

This also seems to be in line with the opinion of the SCCP (SCCP/00847/04) on atranol and chloroatranol present in natural extracts (e.g., oakmoss and tree moss extract) where both constituents were regarded as very potent allergens. Because chloroatranol was shown to cause elicitation of reactions by repeated open exposure at the ppm level (0.0005%) and at the ppb level on patch testing (50% elicit at 0.000015%), the SCCP concluded that chloro-atranol and atranol should not be present in cosmetic products. ... 

As a result, today the Fragrance Industry is producing oakmoss and tree moss with reduced levels of atranol and chloroatranol (i.e., oakmoss and tree moss absolutes treated for the selective removal of atranol and chloroatranol). 

SCCP/00847/04 SCCP Opinion on atranol and chloroatranol present in natural extracts (e.g., oak moss and tree moss extract), adopted by the SCCP during the 2nd plenary meeting of December 7, 2004. 

Tabacchi R, Gunzinger J, Claude S (1983) Contribution to the knowledge of the chemical composition of tree moss [Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf]. Proc IXth. Internatl Congr Essent Oils, Book 4, 65-68, Singapore... 

Figure 12.3 Simplified model for the various processes governing the Cu and Zn isotopic composition collected in the Talbot area of Canada [33], The ore zone is redox-active, with interactions between microbes and fluids on the sulfide ores mobilizing Cu and Zn as aqueous and gaseous complexes into the overlying sandstone and carbonate, which are about 100 m thick in total. Migration of these components occurs through micro- and macrofractures and then they are trapped in the near-surface environment on clay minerals in the till or incorporated into the biosphere, including trees, moss, and organic matter in the soils.

Scientific Committee on Consumer Products (SCCP), 2004, Opinion on Atranol and Chloroatranol Present in Natural Extracts e.g. Oak Moss and Tree Moss Extract). SCCP/ 00847/04. EU Commission, Brussels, [Pg.275]

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