Oakmoss absolute

R = CH3, C10H12O4, Mr 196.20, is an odor determining constituent of oakmoss absolute extract and forms colorless crystals mp 145 °C) with a mossy-earthy odor. It is used as a substitute for oakmoss extract in fine fragrances, soap, and cosmetics. 

Oakmoss absolute and tree moss absolute are obtained from tree lichens. Oakmoss absolute is derived from Evernia prunastri (L.) Arch. (Usnaceae), a lichen growing on oak trees. The lichen is first extracted with nonpolar solvents to give a concrete. The waxes are then removed by precipitation with ethanol, leaving an absolute. 

Fragrance mix (ph) (cinnamic alcohol, cinnamal, hydroxycitronellal, a-amyl-cinnamaldehyde, geraniol, eugenol, isoeugenol, oakmoss absolute)... 

IFRA and RIFM have forbidden the use of several essential oils and components, including costus root oil, dihydrocoumarin, musk ambrette, and balsam of Peru (Ford, 1991) a concentration limit is imposed on the use of isoeugenol, cold pressed lemon oil, bergamot oil, angelica root oil, cassia oU, cinnamic alcohol, hydroj citronellal, and oakmoss absolute. Cinnamic aldehyde, citral, and carvone oxide can only be used with a quenching agent. 

Ahad AM, Goto Y, Kiuchi F, Tsuda Y, Kondo K, Sato T (1991) Nematocidal Principles in Oakmoss Absolute" and Nematocidal Activity of 2,4-Di-hydroxybenzoates. Chem Pharm Bull 39 1043... 

Oakmoss Absolute/Resinold Eichenmoos Absolut/Resinoid Oats Hafer... 

Oakmoss Absolute/Resinoid absolue/ resinoide mousse de ch ne Oats avoine... 

Eichenmoos Absolul/Resinoid Oakmoss Absolute/Resinoid... 

Oakmoss. Extracts of oakmoss are extensively used in perfumery to furnisli parts of the notes of the fougnre or chypre type. The first step in the preparation of an oakmoss extract is treatment of the Hchen Evemiaprunastri (L.) Ach., collected from oak trees mainly in southern and central Europe, with a hydrocarbon solvent to obtain a concrete. The concrete is then further processed by solvent extraction or distillation to more usable products, of which absolutes are the most versatile for perfumery use. A definitive analysis of oakmoss volatiles was performed in 1975 (52). The principal constituents of a Yugoslav oakmoss are shown in Table 15 (53). A number of phenoHc compounds are responsible for the total odor impression. Of these, methyl P-orcinol carboxylate is the most characteristic of oakmoss. 

Tree moss concretes and absolutes are prepared from Evernia furfuracea Fr., a lichen growing on conifer bark. Their odors are different from those of the correponding oakmoss products. 

The extracts and absolutes are used in perfumery for nuances and as a fixative to give compositions a dry, sweet base note, e.g, in fougere and chypre perfumes. Occasionally occuring allergenic responses to oakmoss and treemoss products are... 

For the mossy character small amounts of oakmoss or foin absolute work well and bring further naturalness to the composition. Other auxiliary products are civet, vanilla, and aldehyde C14. 

In 1997, about 3000 t of lichen were collected in the Balkan countries, in France, and in Morocco, and were processed to produce oakmoss (mousse de chene) and treemoss (mousse d arbre) absolute [656]. 

The product of such solvent extractions is called a concrete or resinoid. It can be extracted with ethanol to yield an absolute or distilled to give an essential oil. The oil can then be deterpenated. With some particularly viscous concretes, such as those from treemoss or oakmoss, it is more usual to dissolve the concrete in a high boiling solvent and then codistil the product with this solvent. 

Extract of oak moss. Extract made mainly from Evernia prunastri (oak moss) and Pseudevernia furfuracea (tree moss). Oak moss concrete is prepared by hydrocarbon solvent extraction of the lichen Evernia PrunastrU collected mainly from oak trees in Yugoslavia, France, Italy, Corsica, Morocco, Hungary, and various central European countries. Contains atranorin, evernic acid and usnic acid Synonyms oak moss-resinoid oil Mousse concrete oak moss oak moss extra resinoid colourless MD oak moss LA oakmoss oil oak moss resin oak moss resinoid diethyl phthalate codistillate Evernia furfuraceae spp. absolute tree moss absolute Mousse d arbre absolute Evernia spp. absolute Mousse de chene absolute Evernia furfuraceae spp. concrete Mousse d arbre concrete tree moss concrete Evernia prunasti spp. concrete Evernia prunasti spp. oil Evernia prunasti spp. resin Uses fragrance in many perfume mixtures, after-shave lotions etc. (hay new-mown hay animal fern green). PA... 

As a result, today the Fragrance Industry is producing oakmoss and tree moss with reduced levels of atranol and chloroatranol (i.e., oakmoss and tree moss absolutes treated for the selective removal of atranol and chloroatranol). 

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